Prevalence and determinant factors of depression and anxiety in people with chronic kidney disease: a Moroccan cross-sectional study.

Introduction: the chronic kidney disease (CKD), is associated with various psychiatric conditions and poorer quality of life. The main objective of this study is to estimate the prevalence of depression and anxiety among CKD patients and to assess their determinant factors.

Methods: this is a cross-sectional study in a Moroccan university hospital. Patients aged ≥18 years and followed for more than one year for a stage 3 to 5 CKD, not under renal replacement therapy (RRT) were included. The data were collected using a questionnaire and the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS). The association between depression and anxiety sub-scores and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was assessed using simple and multiple linear regression.

Results: eighty-three patients (mean age 61.7 ± 14.1 years, and 61.4% were women), were included. Regarding the stages of CKD, 10.7% were in stage 3, 52.2% in stage 4, and 25% in stage 5 of CKD. The median of the depression sub-score was 5.00 (IQR (2.00; 10.0)). The median of the depression sub-score was 5.00 (IQR (2.00; 10.09)), and the median of the anxiety sub-score was 6.00 (IQR (4.00; 9.00)). It also shows that 22.0% of patients had depression (stage 4 = 23.8%, stage 5 = 36.8%) and 22.2% had anxiety (stage 4 = 26.2%, stage 5 = 33.3%). Both depression and anxiety scores were significantly associated with the eGFR before (p<0.001, p= 0.001 respectively) and after adjustment (p=0.001, p=0.002 respectively).

Conclusion: according to this study depression and anxiety are strongly related to eGFR.