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Investigating time-independent and time-dependent diffusion phenomena using steady-state diffusion MRI.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Diffusion MRI is a leading method to non-invasively characterise brain tissue microstructure across multiple domains and scales. Diffusion-weighted steady-state free precession (DW-SSFP) is an established imaging sequence for post-mortem MRI, addressing the challenging imaging environment of fixed tissue with short T and low diffusivities. However, a current limitation of DW-SSFP is signal interpretation: it is not clear what diffusion 'regime' the sequence probes and therefore its potential to characterise tissue microstructure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCombining Hyperpolarized Xe MR Imaging and Spectroscopy to Non-Invasively Estimate Pulmonary Vascular Resistance.
J Appl Physiol (1985)
January 2025
Medical Physics Graduate Program, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States.
Hyperpolarized Xe MRI/MRS enables quantitative mapping of function in lung airspaces, membrane tissue, and red blood cells (RBCs) within the pulmonary capillaries. The RBC signal also exhibits cardiogenic oscillations that are reduced in pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension (PH). This effect is obscured in patients with concomitant defects in transfer from airspaces to RBCs, which increase RBC oscillation amplitudes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCompartmental modeling for blood flow quantification from dynamic O-water PET images of humans: a systematic review.
Ann Nucl Med
January 2025
Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) can be used to non-invasively estimate the blood flow of different organs via compartmental modeling. Out of different PET tracers, water labeled with the radioactive O isotope of oxygen (half-life of 2.04 min) is freely diffusable, and therefore, very well-suited for blood flow quantification.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring the pivotal variables of tongue diagnosis between patients with chronic kidney disease and health participants.
Front Big Data
January 2025
School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant global health problem associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) utilizes tongue diagnosis to differentiate symptoms and predict prognosis. This study examines the relationship between tongue characteristics and CKD severity using an automatic tongue diagnosis system (ATDS), which captures tongue images non-invasively to provide objective diagnostic information.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElectrical impedance tomography meets reduced order modelling: a framework for faster and more reliable electrical conductivity estimations.
J Neural Eng
January 2025
Matthew Walker and Leandro Beltrachini are with Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, United Kingdom.
Inclusion of individualised electrical conductivities of head tissues is crucial for the accuracy of electrical source imaging techniques based on electro/magnetoencephalography and the efficacy of transcranial electrical stimulation. Parametric electrical impedance tomography (pEIT) is a method to cheaply and non-invasively estimate them using electrode arrays on the scalp to apply currents and measure the resulting potential distribution. Conductivities are then estimated by iteratively fitting a forward model to the measurements, incurring a prohibitive computational cost that is generally lowered at the expense of accuracy.
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