AI Article Synopsis
- The research focuses on the critical transition from compensated to decompensated cirrhosis, which drastically shortens survival rates from over 10 years to just 2 years, underlining the need for better prediction methods.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed on 652 studies, ultimately including 63 studies that analyzed 49 biomarkers across over 31,000 patients to determine predictors of cirrhosis decompensation.
- Results showed that the international normalized ratio and albumin levels were significant predictors, but high statistical variability among the studies indicates a need for more rigorous future research to standardize methodologies and improve reliability.
Article Abstract
Background And Aims: The transition from compensated to decompensated cirrhosis is crucial, drastically reducing prognosis from a median survival of over 10 years to 2 years. There is currently an unmet need to accurately predict decompensation. We systematically reviewed and meta-analysed data regarding biomarker use to predict decompensation in individuals with compensated cirrhosis.
Methods: PubMed and EMBASE database searches were conducted for all studies from inception until February 2024. The study was carried out according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The Quality of Prognosis Studies framework was used to assess the risk of bias. The meta-analysis was conducted with a random effects model using STATA software.
Results: Of the 652 studies initially identified, 63 studies (n=31 438 patients) were included in the final review, examining 49 biomarkers. 25 studies (40%) were prospective with the majority of studies looking at all-cause decompensation (90%). The most well-studied biomarkers were platelets (n=17), Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (n=17) and albumin (n=16). A meta-analysis revealed elevated international normalised ratio was the strongest predictor of decompensation, followed by decreased albumin. However, high statistical heterogeneity was noted (l result of 96.3%). Furthermore, 21 studies were assessed as having a low risk of bias (34%), 26 (41%) moderate risk and 16 (25%) high risk.
Conclusions: This review highlights key biomarkers that should potentially be incorporated into future scoring systems to predict decompensation. However, future biomarker studies should be conducted with rigorous and standardised methodology to ensure robust and comparable data.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11404266 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgast-2024-001430 | DOI Listing |
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