Mechanistic insights into metabolic function of dynamin-related protein 1.

J Lipid Res

Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA; Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA. Electronic address:

Published: September 2024

Dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) plays crucial roles in mitochondrial and peroxisome fission. However, the mechanisms underlying the functional regulation of DRP1 in adipose tissue during obesity remain unclear. To elucidate the metabolic and pathological significance of diminished DRP1 in obese adipose tissue, we utilized adipose tissue-specific DRP1 KO mice challenged with a high-fat diet. We observed significant metabolic dysregulations in the KO mice. Mechanistically, DRP1 exerts multifaceted functions in mitochondrial dynamics and endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-lipid droplet crosstalk in normal mice. Loss of function of DRP1 resulted in abnormally giant mitochondrial shapes, distorted mitochondrial membrane structure, and disrupted cristae architecture. Meanwhile, DRP1 deficiency induced the retention of nascent lipid droplets in ER, leading to perturbed overall lipid dynamics in the KO mice. Collectively, dysregulation of the dynamics of mitochondria, ER, and lipid droplets contributes to whole-body metabolic disorders, as evidenced by perturbations in energy metabolites. Our findings demonstrate that DRP1 plays diverse and critical roles in regulating energy metabolism within adipose tissue during the progression of obesity.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11426057PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jlr.2024.100633DOI Listing

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