During the water treatment process, chlorination and ultraviolet (UV) sterilization can modify microplastics (MPs) and alter their physicochemical properties, causing various changes between MPs and other pollutants. In this study, the impact of chlorination and UV modification on the physicochemical properties of polystyrene (PS) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) were investigated, and the adsorption behavior of pefloxacin (PEF) before and after modification was examined. The effect of pH, ionic strength, dissolved organic matter, heavy metal ions and other water environmental conditions on adsorption behavior was revealed. The results showed that PS had a higher adsorption capacity of PEF than PVC, and the modification increased the presence of O-containing functional groups in the MPs, thereby enhancing the adsorption capacity of both materials. Chlorination had a more significant impact on the physicochemical properties of MPs compared to UV irradiation within the same time period, leading to better adsorption performance of chlorination. The optimal pH for adsorption was found to be 6, and NaCl, sodium alginate and Cu would inhibit adsorption to varying degrees, among which the inhibition caused by pH was the strongest. Chlorination and UV modification would weaken the inhibitory effect of environmental factors on the adsorption of PEF by MPs. The main mechanisms of adsorption involved electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonding. The study clarified the effects of modification on the physicochemical properties of MPs, providing reference for subsequent biotoxicity analysis and environmental protection studies.
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