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Human neural stem cells directly programmed from peripheral blood show functional integration into the adult mouse brain.
Stem Cell Res Ther
December 2024
Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Faculty and University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, Bonn, 53127, Germany.
Transplantation of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural cells represents a promising strategy for treating neurodegenerative diseases. However, reprogramming of somatic cells and their subsequent neural differentiation is complex and time-consuming, thereby impeding autologous applications. Recently, direct transcription factor-based conversion of blood cells into induced neural stem cells (iNSCs) has emerged as a potential alternative.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHow to present economic evaluations to non-technical audiences? Randomized trials with professionals and the general population.
Arch Public Health
November 2024
Fundación Canaria Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Canarias (FIISC), Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.
Background: Cost-effectiveness analyses of health technologies have become a part of the decision-making process in healthcare policies. Nevertheless, economic results are not always presented in comprehensible formats for non-technical audiences, such as the general population, healthcare professionals or decision-makers. The purpose of this study was to observe which formats best convey the key message of an economic evaluation, and which are best received by two different audiences.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCompact Arterial Monitoring Device Use in Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA): A Simple Validation Study in Swine.
Cureus
October 2024
Department of Anesthesiology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, USA.
Article Synopsis
- - Hemorrhage is the main cause of preventable death in trauma situations, leading to military and civilian advancements in medical practices, particularly through the use of tourniquets to manage extremity bleeding and save lives.
- - While tourniquets have significantly decreased deaths from bleeding in military settings, noncompressible hemorrhage still poses a major risk, especially before patients receive definitive medical care.
- - The study explores using a small, disposable pressure monitor during resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) to enhance blood pressure monitoring, facilitate better resuscitation practices, and reduce the need for blood products in extreme environments.
Team-based learning in health professions education: an umbrella review.
BMC Med Educ
October 2024
Medical Education Research Center, Education Development Center (EDC) and Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
Article Synopsis
- Team-Based Learning (TBL) is gaining traction in educational research, focusing on its effectiveness, the groups that benefit most, and the elements that are studied the most and least.
- An extensive review examined 23 studies from 2013-2024, revealing a significant spike in research in 2022, particularly from the U.S. and China, indicating TBL enhances cognitive outcomes and clinical performance while its effects on retention are mixed.
- Freshmen, academically weaker students, and nursing students notably benefit from TBL; however, faculty face a temporary increase in workload and development opportunities remain limited.
Towards Dataset-scale and Feature-oriented Evaluation of Text Summarization in Large Language Model Prompts.
IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph
September 2024
Article Synopsis
- * Our study identifies five key challenges in prompt evaluation and proposes a feature-oriented workflow, focusing on summary characteristics like complexity and naturalness rather than traditional metrics like ROUGE.
- * We introduce Awesum, a visual analytics system that helps users refine summarization prompts and found that it simplifies systematic evaluation for non-technical users; the workflow could also apply to other natural language generation tasks.
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