AI Article Synopsis

  • Extramedullary plasmacytoma is a rare tumor made up of plasma cells, usually found in soft tissues outside the bone marrow, most commonly in the head and neck region.
  • A 38-year-old female with Down's syndrome experienced symptoms like hoarseness and respiratory distress, leading to the discovery of a 1x1 cm lesion in her larynx during a laryngoscopy.
  • The lesion was diagnosed as a solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma, marking the first known case in a Down's syndrome patient, which highlights the need for specialized treatment and awareness of potential tumors in this demographic.

Article Abstract

Extramedullary plasmacytoma is a rare localized plasma cell neoplasm typically found in soft tissues outside the bone marrow. Predominantly occurring in the head and neck region, particularly in the sinonasal and nasopharyngeal areas, it presents a diagnostic challenge due to its uncommon nature. Herein, we report a 38-year-old female patient with Down's syndrome with a 2-year complaint of intermittent dysphonia, hoarseness, and progressive respiratory distress, including dyspnea, fatigue, and biphasic stridor. Examination via flexible laryngoscopy revealed a white lesion, prompting direct microscopic laryngeal surgery to excise a 1x1 cm mass. Histological findings confirmed the diagnosis as solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma. Notably, this represented the first documented case of laryngeal solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma in a patient with Down's syndrome. This case underscores the importance of considering tumor development in the larynx among individuals with Down's syndrome, highlighting the necessity for tailored management strategies to address such occurrences effectively. Increasing awareness of this association can aid in early detection and appropriate treatment of tumors in this population.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11340819PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/acr.2024.508DOI Listing

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