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Unravelling large-scale patterns and drivers of biodiversity in dry rivers. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • * A large-scale survey was conducted on the biodiversity of dry riverbeds across 19 countries, focusing on eight key taxa, using environmental DNA metabarcoding to analyze samples over a year.
  • * Direct factors like nutrient availability and indirect factors like climate significantly affect local biodiversity, with findings suggesting that biotic interactions might play a larger role than previously thought in shaping communities during dry periods.

Article Abstract

More than half of the world's rivers dry up periodically, but our understanding of the biological communities in dry riverbeds remains limited. Specifically, the roles of dispersal, environmental filtering and biotic interactions in driving biodiversity in dry rivers are poorly understood. Here, we conduct a large-scale coordinated survey of patterns and drivers of biodiversity in dry riverbeds. We focus on eight major taxa, including microorganisms, invertebrates and plants: Algae, Archaea, Bacteria, Fungi, Protozoa, Arthropods, Nematodes and Streptophyta. We use environmental DNA metabarcoding to assess biodiversity in dry sediments collected over a 1-year period from 84 non-perennial rivers across 19 countries on four continents. Both direct factors, such as nutrient and carbon availability, and indirect factors such as climate influence the local biodiversity of most taxa. Limited resource availability and prolonged dry phases favor oligotrophic microbial taxa. Co-variation among taxa, particularly Bacteria, Fungi, Algae and Protozoa, explain more spatial variation in community composition than dispersal or environmental gradients. This finding suggests that biotic interactions or unmeasured ecological and evolutionary factors may strongly influence communities during dry phases, altering biodiversity responses to global changes.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11341732PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-50873-1DOI Listing

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