Discovered 30 years ago, CD40L antagonists are proving to be powerful autoimmune drugs.
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T lymphocyte plasticity in chronic inflammatory diseases: The emerging role of the Ikaros family as a key Th17-Treg switch.
Autoimmun Rev
December 2024
APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland; College of Medicine and Health, University College Cork, Ireland.
T helper (Th) 17 and regulatory T (Treg) cells are highly plastic CD4 Th cell subsets, being able not only to actively adapt to their microenvironment, but also to interconvert, acquiring mixed identity markers. These phenotypic changes are underpinned by transcriptional control mechanisms, chromatin reorganization events and epigenetic modifications, that can be hereditable and stable over time. The Ikaros family of transcription factors have a predominant role in T cell subset specification through mechanisms of transcriptional program regulation that enable phenotypical diversification.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlopecia Universalis in a Multiple Sclerosis Patient After Switching From Rituximab to Ocrelizumab: A Case Report.
Int J Rheum Dis
December 2024
Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Ocrelizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody, which acts as an anti-CD20 antibody. It is used as a treatment of both relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and Progressive types. The aim of this study is to report the first patient with alopecia universalis after switching from rituximab to ocrelizumab.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAseptic abscess syndrome: a case report of a patient achieving remission with both infliximab originator and biosimilar administered at varied intervals.
Front Immunol
December 2024
Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Rheumatology Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Aseptic abscesses syndrome is a rare but increasingly recognized disease that falls within the spectrum of autoinflammatory disorders. Here, we describe the case of a patient who presented with abdominal pain and fever, along with multiple abdominal and extra-abdominal abscesses, in the absence of underlying hematologic, autoimmune, infectious, or neoplastic conditions. Initially, the patient responded to glucocorticoids, but experienced several flares upon discontinuation, leading to the initiation of treatment with a TNFα inhibitor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPotential Utility of A Proliferation-Inducing Ligand (APRIL) in Colorectal Cancer.
Int J Mol Sci
November 2024
Department of Surgical Nursing, Medical University of Białystok, 15-274 Białystok, Poland.
APRIL (A proliferation-inducing ligand) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily that is overexpressed in a variety of malignant tumors, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Its key physiological roles include inducing the immunoglobulin switch and ensuring plasmocyte survival. In terms of pathological roles, APRIL antagonism has been identified as a key target in autoimmune diseases and immunoglobulin disorders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAzathioprine for people with multiple sclerosis.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev
December 2024
Scientific Director's Office, Carlo Besta Foundation and Neurological Institute, Milan, Italy.
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated, chronic, inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, impacting around 2.8 million people worldwide. Characterised by recurrent relapses or progression, or both, it represents a substantial global health burden, affecting people, predominantly women, at a young age (the mean age of diagnosis is 32 years).
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