Introduction: Formula feeding is the only viable nutrition alternative for infants 0-6mos who cannot breastfeed. Among the drawbacks of formula feeding, however, is potential dilution or concentration errors in the formula during preparation that may lead to infant health issues. The present study aimed to investigate the accuracy of caregiver measurements as they prepared infant formula under multiple conditions, compared with manufacturer specifications.
Methods: A diverse sample of caregivers ( = 84) participated in this cross-over experimental study. Participants hand-scooped infant formula powder and poured water to prepare 4oz. and 7oz. feedings, using both a standardized set of infant formula products and participants' own products. Linear mixed effects models were used to estimate fixed effects of target amount (4oz. versus 7oz) and products (participant versus researcher) on mean absolute percent error (MAPE) of measurement.
Results: Across all conditions MAPE was significantly greater for measuring powder than for water (9.0% vs. 4.4%; < 0.001) with a combined powder and water MAPE at 13.0%. Greater measurement error was associated with the odd-sized 7oz. preparation and participants' own products.
Discussion: We observed considerable variability and substantial error during infant formula preparation, particularly for hand-scooping of powder, which tended toward higher values than the theoretical gold standard.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11335633 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2024.1385496 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
"It's Like You're Feeding Your Child Twice": Barriers and Facilitators to Human Milk Feeding Children With Cystic Fibrosis.
Pediatr Pulmonol
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy/Immunology, Cystic Fibrosis and Sleep, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Background: Cystic Fibrosis Foundation guidelines recommend human milk (HM) as the ideal source of nutrition for children with CF (cwCF). Despite known pulmonary and nutritional benefits, fewer cwCF ever receive HM compared to the general population. Early nutrition choices are preference-sensitive, yet little is known about the factors that impede or sustain HM feeding among parents of cwCF.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRare presentation of vitamin D toxicity with hypertriglyceridemia and pancreatitis.
Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep
January 2025
Summary: Vitamin D is commonly recommended for daily intake as dietary sources are often insufficient. However, prolonged high-dose use can lead to serious complications. We present a rare case of a 2-month-old infant who developed severe hypercalcemia and hypertriglyceridemia due to an accidental overdose of 25-OH vitamin D, leading to hypertriglyceridemia and pancreatitis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of an Online Theory-Based Educational Programme for Primiparous Women on Improving Breastfeeding-Related Outcomes: A Randomised Controlled Trial.
Scand J Caring Sci
March 2025
Faculty of Medicine, The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a theory-based, Real-time-online Education and Support with Telephone follow-ups (REST) programme for primiparous women on their breastfeeding outcomes over 6 months postpartum.
Study Design: Randomised controlled trial.
Methods: Convenience sampling was used to recruit 150 low-risk primiparous mothers, and then they were randomly assigned into intervention and control groups by computerised block randomisation.
Fecal Microbiome and Metabolomic Profiles of Mixed-Fed Infants Are More Similar to Formula-Fed than Breastfed Infants.
Microorganisms
January 2025
Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Many infants consume both human milk and infant formula (mixed-fed); however, few studies have investigated how mixed feeding affects the gut microbiome composition and metabolic profiles compared to exclusive breastfeeding or formula feeding. Herein, how delivery mode and early nutrition affect the microbiome and metabolome of 6-week-old infants in the STRONG Kids2 cohort was investigated. Fecal samples were collected from exclusively breastfed (BF; n = 25), formula-fed (FF; n = 25) or mixed-fed (MF; n = 25) participants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFγ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Metabolic Bypass Plays a Crucial Role in Stress Tolerance and Biofilm Formation in ATCC 29544.
Foods
January 2025
The College of Life and Geographic Sciences, Kashi University, Kashi 844000, China.
is a foodborne pathogen characterized by its robust stress tolerance and ability to form biofilms, which facilitates its survival in powdered infant formula (PIF) processing environments for prolonged periods. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a kind of non-protein amino acid that acts as an osmoprotectant. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of the gene on the survival of , GABA accumulation, and biofilm formation under desiccation, osmotic stress, and acid exposure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!