Transulnar basal coronoid fractures - Surgical tips and tricks.

JSES Rev Rep Tech

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.

Published: August 2024

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11329002PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.xrrt.2024.05.003DOI Listing

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Article Synopsis
  • Trans-ulnar fracture-dislocations of the elbow are complex injuries that pose challenges for surgical treatment, particularly with basal coronoid injuries where the coronoid isn't attached to key structures.
  • This study analyzed outcomes from 28 patients (mean age 56) who underwent surgical intervention for these injuries between 2002 and 2019, focusing on recovery, complications, and functional outcomes.
  • Results showed a 25 out of 28 union rate, with 36% experiencing complications (like infection and nerve issues), and a follow-up revealed an average elbow functionality score indicating significant recovery despite some nonunion cases and reoperations.
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Article Synopsis
  • Complex elbow dislocations, particularly those with ulna fractures, are challenging to classify and treat, fitting into categories such as Monteggia variant injuries or trans-olecranon fractures.
  • A systematic review of 16 studies encompassing 296 cases aimed to assess the outcomes of these injuries, with a focus on the more severe trans-ulnar basal coronoid fracture dislocations.
  • Findings indicated that trans-ulnar basal coronoid injuries had significantly higher rates of complications (40%) and reoperations (25%) compared to trans-olecranon (11%, 18%) and Monteggia variant injuries (25%, 13%).
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Background: Fracture-dislocations of the elbow, particularly those that involve a fracture through the proximal ulna, are complex and can be difficult to manage. Moreover, current classification systems often cannot discriminate between Monteggia-variant injury patterns and trans-olecranon fracture-dislocations, particularly when the fracture involves the coronoid. The Mayo classification of proximal trans-ulnar fracture-dislocations categorizes these fractures into 3 types according to what the coronoid is still attached to: trans-olecranon fracture-dislocations (the coronoid is still attached to the ulnar metaphysis); Monteggia-variant fracture-dislocations (the coronoid is still attached to the olecranon); and ulnar basal coronoid fracture-dislocations (the coronoid is not attached to either the olecranon or the ulnar metaphysis).

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