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Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndromes and rare dysimmune conditions associated with hyper-eosinophilia in practice: An innovative multidisciplinary approach. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Hypereosinophilic syndromes (HES) are rare immune conditions marked by high levels of eosinophils in the blood, with the idiopathic subtype (I-HES) being particularly hard to diagnose due to varied symptoms and overlap with other diseases.
  • Diagnosing HES is complicated by the lack of specific tests, the need for referrals to various specialists, and the absence of a standard treatment approach, highlighting the need for better clinician awareness.
  • The review emphasizes the importance of increasing understanding among healthcare providers and proposes a new multidisciplinary model to improve patient care and address the challenges faced in managing HES.

Article Abstract

Hypereosinophilic syndromes (HES) represent a group of rare dis-immune conditions characterized by blood hyper-eosinophilia and eosinophilic related burden. Especially the idiopathic subtype (I-HES) is particularly difficult to diagnose because of its heterogeneous clinical presentation, the lack of specific findings on physical exam, lab tools, and imaging informative enough to unequivocally confirm the diagnosis and the overlap with other entities, including eosinophilic organ-diseases or systemic dis-immune conditions other than I-HES (from atopy to eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis [EGPA], the last often extremely difficult to distinguish from HES). Taken together, all the features mentioned above account for an extremely difficult early recognition HES and on-time referral to a specialized centre. The referral itself is challenging due to a not univocal specialist identification, because of the variability of physicians managing HES in different settings (including allergist/clinical immunologist, haematologist, internal medicine doctors, pulmonologist, rheumatologist). Furthermore, the approach in terms of personalized treatment identification and follow-up plan (timing, organ assessment), is poorly standardized. Further translational and clinical research is needed to address the mentioned unmet needs, but on practical grounds increasing the overall clinicians' awareness on HES and implementing healthcare pathways for HES patients represent a roadmap that every clinician might try to realize in his specific setting. The present review aims at providing an overview about the current challenges and unmet needs in the practical approach to HES and rare hypereosinophilic allergo-immunological diseases, including a proposal for an innovative multidisciplinary organizational model.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11327453PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.waojou.2024.100928DOI Listing

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