Cholecystogastric fistula: A case report and review of the literature.

Introduction: Cholecystogastric fistula is an abnormal communication between the gallbladder and the stomach, it is a rare complication of chronic cholethiasis. Preoperative diagnosis is difficult as patients often present with non-specific symptoms.

Case Presentation: A 63-year-old female presented to the outpatient clinic with symptomatic cholelithiasis. Physical examination was unremarkable. Laboratory investigations, including complete blood count (CBC) and liver function test (LFT), were within normal limits. Upper abdominal ultrasound revealed hepatomegaly and gallbladder contraction with multiple gallstones. Intraoperative exploration during laparoscopic cholecystectomy revealed adhesions with cholecystogastric fistula, necessitating meticulous dissection, fistula excision, and primary closure. Postoperatively, the patient recovered uneventfully, with a negative methylene blue leak test allowing early oral intake. Discharged home in stable condition, subsequent follow-up showed resolution of symptoms, and histopathological examination confirmed absence of neoplastic changes.

Discussion: Optimal surgical management of cholecystogastric fistula is debatable, laparoscopic surgery have led to improved outcomes in the management of these cases. Utilizing which approach should be determined based on the clinical scenario for each patient and the surgeon experience.

Conclusion: Cholecystogastric fistula is a rare complication of chronic cholethiasis. Preoperative diagnosis requires high index of suspicion. Complete laparoscopic management is safe.