Spatial kinetics and immune control of murine cytomegalovirus infection in the salivary glands.

PLoS Comput Biol

Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.

Published: August 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the most common congenital infection, and while vaccines are being developed, none have been approved yet.
  • The salivary glands play a crucial role in the replication and spread of CMV, suggesting that the immune response in these glands may affect viral transmission.
  • Researchers studied the immune response and viral dynamics in mice infected with murine CMV, leading to the creation of mathematical models that highlight the significance of cellular immunity in different organs and the critical infection threshold in the salivary glands for viral spread.

Article Abstract

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the most common congenital infection. Several HCMV vaccines are in development, but none have yet been approved. An understanding of the kinetics of CMV replication and transmission may inform the rational design of vaccines to prevent this infection. The salivary glands (SG) are an important site of sustained CMV replication following primary infection and during viral reactivation from latency. As such, the strength of the immune response in the SG likely influences viral dissemination within and between hosts. To study the relationship between the immune response and viral replication in the SG, and viral dissemination from the SG to other tissues, mice were infected with low doses of murine CMV (MCMV). Following intra-SG inoculation, we characterized the viral and immunological dynamics in the SG, blood, and spleen, and identified organ-specific immune correlates of protection. Using these data, we constructed compartmental mathematical models of MCMV infection. Model fitting to data and analysis indicate the importance of cellular immune responses in different organs and point to a threshold of infection within the SG necessary for the establishment and spread of infection.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11357091PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011940DOI Listing

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