Unlabelled: Utilization of crop wild relatives of wheat can be very effective in building the genetic diversity to cater to the evolving strains of disease pathogens. is a rich source of rust resistance genes however transferring those to wheat genome can be tedious due to co-transfer and preferential transmission of undesirable genes causing gametocidal activity. Such an unholy association was observed in - derivative line Sel. 2427 which possess the broad-spectrum leaf rust seedling resistance gene (). Molecular analysis based on 35 K wheat breeder's array revealed the maximum percentage of genome introgression on homoeologous group 2. In situ hybridization studies revealed the presence of S genome in Sel. 2427, showing six translocations on four chromosomes. Karyotyping using repetitive probe (AAG) revealed that the two chromosomes involved are 2D and 2B. Genic regions causing gametocidal activity were identified by dissecting it into component traits and QTLs on 2D and 2B chromosomes were revealed in case of the trait seed shrivelling index. To break the inadvertent association of with gametocidal genes, F(Agra Local X Sel. 2427) seeds were irradiated with gamma rays and stable leaf rust resistant mutants lacking gametocidal activity were developed. These mutants showed resistance to different races of leaf rust pathogen and showed superior agronomic performance as well. These mutants could be a great resource in wheat improvement for utilization of the leaf rust resistance gene without any yield penalty.
Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-024-01491-8.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11032-024-01491-8 | DOI Listing |
Int J Mol Sci
January 2025
Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute in Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Poland.
The fungus Eriks () is the cause of leaf rust, one of the most damaging diseases, which significantly reduces common wheat yields. In -resistant adult plants, an APR-type resistance is observed, which protects the plant against multiple pathogen races and is distinguished by its persistence under production conditions. With a more complete understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the function of APR genes, it will be possible to develop new strategies for resistance breeding in wheat.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Fungi (Basel)
January 2025
College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Technological Innovation Center for Biological Control of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests of Hebei Province, National Engineering Research Center for Agriculture in Northern Mountainous Areas, Baoding 071000, China.
Wheat leaf rust caused by () is a prevalent disease worldwide, seriously threatening wheat production. acquires nutrients from host cells via haustoria and secretes effector proteins to modify and regulate the expression of host disease resistance genes, thereby facilitating pathogen growth and reproduction. The study of effector proteins is of great significance for clarifying the pathogenic mechanisms of and effective control of leaf rust.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFungal Syst Evol
December 2024
Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil.
During surveys in the centres of origin of the coffee leaf rust (CLR), in Africa, as well as in its exotic range in Brazil, 23 isolates of the genus were obtained from uredinial pustules. Using a phylogenetic analysis of all isolates involving a combination of partial sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region of rDNA (ITS) and two gene regions: actin ( and translation elongation factor-1α (), 12 species were delimited; including four new species - , , and . GCPSR criteria were employed for species recognition, supported by morphological and cultural characters.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFunct Integr Genomics
January 2025
Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, Jharkhand, India.
Advancements in bioinformatic tools and breakthroughs in high throughput RNA sequencing have unveiled the potential role of non-coding RNAs in influencing the overall expression of disease-responsive genes. Owing to the increasing need to develop resilient crop varieties against environmental constraints, our study explores the functional relationship of various non-coding RNAs in wheat during leaf rust pathogenesis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) were retrieved from SAGE and RNA-Seq libraries, respectively, in the susceptible (HD2329) and resistant (HD2329 + Lr28) wheat Near-Isogenic Lines (NILs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensors (Basel)
December 2024
Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan.
Global warming and extreme climate conditions caused by unsuitable temperature and humidity lead to coffee leaf rust () diseases in coffee plantations. Coffee leaf rust is a severe problem that reduces productivity. Currently, pesticide spraying is considered the most effective solution for mitigating coffee leaf rust.
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