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Multiresponsive Liquid Crystal Collagen Guides Mussel Byssus Formation. | LitMetric

Multiresponsive Liquid Crystal Collagen Guides Mussel Byssus Formation.

Biomacromolecules

Dept. of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada.

Published: September 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • Marine mussels produce strong byssal threads from liquid crystalline collagenous precursors to anchor themselves, but the factors influencing this process are not fully understood.
  • Using advanced microscopy techniques, researchers analyzed the structural differences between natural and artificially made threads, revealing that the natural threads have better alignment than those formed in the lab.
  • The study investigated how mechanical shear, pH, and metal ions affect thread formation, finding that all three factors significantly influence the structure and properties of the threads, which has implications for developing collagenous scaffolds in tissue engineering.

Article Abstract

Marine mussels fabricate tough collagenous fibers known as byssal threads to anchor themselves. Threads are produced individually in minutes via secretion of liquid crystalline (LC) collagenous precursors (preCols); yet the physical and chemical parameters influencing thread formation remain unclear. Here, we characterized the structural anisotropy of native and artificially induced threads using quantitative polarized light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy to elucidate spontaneous vs regulated aspects of thread assembly, discovering that preCol LC phases form aligned domains of several hundred microns, but not the cm-level alignment of native threads. We then explored the hypothesized roles of mechanical shear, pH, and metal ions on thread formation through assembly studies employing a microfluidic flow focusing device using purified preCol secretory vesicles. Our results provide clear evidence for the role of all three parameters in modulating the structure and properties of the final product with relevance for fabrication of collagenous scaffolds for tissue engineering applications.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00709DOI Listing

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