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Exposure to School Racial Segregation and Late-Life Cognitive Outcomes.
JAMA Netw Open
January 2025
Department of Health Policy and Management, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut.
Importance: Disparities in cognition, including dementia occurrence, persist between non-Hispanic Black (hereinafter, Black) and non-Hispanic White (hereinafter, White) older adults, and are possibly influenced by early educational differences stemming from structural racism. However, the association between school racial segregation and later-life cognition remains underexplored.
Objective: To investigate the association between childhood contextual exposure to school racial segregation and cognitive outcomes in later life.
Impact of Social Determinants of Health on Primary Adherence of Oral Anticoagulants Among Patients with Newly Diagnosed Atrial Fibrillation.
Cardiol Ther
January 2025
Advocate Aurora Research Institute, Advocate Health, 945 N 12th St, Milwaukee, WI, 53233, USA.
Introduction: Oral anticoagulants (OAC) reduce the risk of stroke among patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, adherence remains suboptimal. We focused on primary nonadherence to OAC and its associations with patient characteristics-specifically social determinants of health collected in electronic health records (EHR).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntravenous thrombolysis in patients with acute dizziness or imbalance and suspected ischemic stroke-systematic review.
J Neurol
January 2025
Neurology, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Baden, Switzerland.
Background: Correct identification of those patients presenting with an acute vestibular syndrome (AVS) or an acute imbalance syndrome (AIS) that have underlying posterior-circulation stroke (PCS) and thus may benefit from revascularization (intravenous thrombolysis (IVT), endovascular therapy (EVT)) is important. Treatment guidelines for AVS/AIS patients are lacking. We reviewed the evidence on acute treatment strategies in AVS/AIS focusing on predictors for IVT/EVT and outcome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBasic Science and Pathogenesis.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) has both genetic and environmental risk factors. Gene-environment interaction may help explain some missing heritability. There is strong evidence for cigarette smoking as a risk factor for AD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBasic Science and Pathogenesis.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Chambers-Grundy Center for Transformative Neuroscience, Department of Brain Health, School of Integrated Health Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
Background: Although high-throughput DNA/RNA sequencing technologies have generated massive genetic and genomic data in human disease, translation of these findings into new patient treatment has not materialized by lack of effective approaches, such as Artificial Intelligence (AL) and Machine Learning (ML) tools.
Method: To address this problem, we have used AI/ML approaches, Mendelian randomization (MR), and large patient's genetic and functional genomic data to evaluate druggable targets using Alzheimer's disease (AD) as a prototypical example. We utilized the genomic instruments from 9 expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) and 3 protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) datasets across five human brain regions from three biobanks.
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