Multi-omics evaluation of the prognostic value and immune signature of FCN1 in pan-cancer and its relationship with proliferation and apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: The FCN1 gene encodes the ficolin-1 protein, implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases, though its precise role in tumorigenesis remains elusive. This study aims to elucidate the prognostic significance, immune signature, and treatment response associated with FCN1 across diverse cancer types.

Methods: Employing multi-omics data, we conducted a comprehensive assessment, encompassing tissue-specific and single-cell-specific expression disparities, pan-cancer expression patterns, epigenetic modifications affecting FCN1 expression, and the immune microenvironment. Our investigation primarily focused on the clinical prognostic attributes, immune profiles, potential molecular mechanisms, and candidate therapeutic agents concerning FCN1 and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Additionally, experiments were performed to scrutinize the impact of FCN1 knockdown on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle dynamics within the AML cell line U937 and NB4.

Results: FCN1 expression exhibits widespread dysregulation across various cancers. Through both univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, FCN1 has been identified as an independent prognostic indicator for AML. Immunological investigations elucidate FCN1's involvement in modulating inflammatory responses within the tumor microenvironment and its correlation with treatment efficacy. Remarkably, the deletion of FCN1 influences the proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle dynamics of U937 cells and NB4 cells.

Conclusion: These findings underscore FCN1 as a promising pan-cancer biomarker indicative of macrophage infiltration, intimately linked with the tumor microenvironment and treatment responsiveness, and pivotal for cellular mechanisms within AML cell lines.