Background: Calorie restriction (CR) ameliorates preclinical models of multiple sclerosis (MS) via multiple mechanisms. These include decreased leptin, a proinflammatory adipokine, but mechanistic studies in humans are lacking. Tests of daily and intermittent CR (iCR) in people with MS (pwMS) showed improvements in fatigue and well-being measures. This trial studied the effects of 12-week iCR on metabolic, immunological, and clinical outcomes in pwMS.
Method: Relapsing-remitting MS participants were randomised to iCR or a control group. Study visits were conducted at baseline, 6 and 12 weeks. The primary outcome was reduction in serum leptin levels at 12 weeks. Feasibility and safety were assessed by diet adherence and adverse events (AEs). Secondary outcomes included changes in anthropometric and body composition measures, metabolic and immunologic profiling, and clinical measures. Mixed effects linear regression models were used to evaluate outcome differences between and within groups over time.
Results: Forty-two pwMS were randomised, 34 completed the study (17/group). Leptin serum levels at 12 weeks were significantly lower in the iCR versus the control group (mean decrease -6.98 µg/dL, 95% CI: -28.02 to 14.06; p=0.03). Adherence to iCR was 99.5% and 97.2% at 6 and 12 weeks, respectively, and no serious AEs were reported. An increase in blood CD45RO regulatory T-cell numbers was seen after 6 weeks of iCR. Exploratory cognitive testing demonstrated a significant improvement in the Symbol Digit Modality Test Score in the iCR group at 12 weeks.
Conclusions: iCR has the potential to benefit metabolic and immunologic profiles and is safe and feasible in pwMS.
Trial Registration Number: NCT03539094 .
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2024-333465 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Sex-dependent adaptations in heart mitochondria from transgenic mice overexpressing cytochrome b reductase-3.
Mitochondrion
January 2025
Departamento de Biología Celular Fisiología e Inmunología Universidad de Córdoba Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario ceiA3 Córdoba Spain. Electronic address:
Cytochrome b reductase 3 (CYB5R3) overexpression upregulates mitochondrial biogenesis, function, and abundance in skeletal muscle and kidneys, and mimics some of the salutary effects of calorie restriction, with the most striking effects being observed in females. We aimed to investigate the mitochondrial adaptations prompted by CYB5R3 overexpression in the heart, an organ surprisingly overlooked in studies focused on this long-lived transgenic model despite the critical role played by CYB5R3 in supporting cardiomyocytes mitochondrial respiration. Given that CYB5R3 effects have been found to be sex-dependent, we focused our research on both males and females.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical characteristics of hospitalized male adolescents and young adults with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID).
J Eat Disord
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Background: Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) may result in significant medical sequelae. Compared to youth with eating disorders like anorexia nervosa (AN), youth with ARFID tend to be younger and are more likely to be male. We aim to describe sex differences in clinical characteristics of youth hospitalized for medical complications of ARFID and compare their characteristics with youth hospitalized for anorexia nervosa.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLow-input redoxomics facilitates global identification of metabolic regulators of oxidative stress in the gut.
Signal Transduct Target Ther
January 2025
National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in organ aging and related diseases, yet the endogenous regulators involved remain largely unknown. This work highlights the importance of metabolic homeostasis in protecting against oxidative stress in the large intestine. By developing a low-input and user-friendly pipeline for the simultaneous profiling of five distinct cysteine (Cys) states, including free SH, total Cys oxidation (Sto), sulfenic acid (SOH), S-nitrosylation (SNO), and S-glutathionylation (SSG), we shed light on Cys redox modification stoichiometries and signaling with regional resolution in the aging gut of monkeys.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBeyond Calories: Individual Metabolic and Hormonal Adaptations Driving Variability in Weight Management-A State-of-the-Art Narrative Review.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
Department of Cardiology & Preventive Cardiology Outpatient Clinic, Amalia Fleming General Hospital, 14, 25th Martiou Str., 15127 Melissia, Greece.
The global rise in obesity underscores the need for effective weight management strategies that address individual metabolic and hormonal variability, moving beyond the simplistic "calories in, calories out" model. Body types-ectomorph, mesomorph, and endomorph-provide a framework for understanding the differences in fat storage, muscle development, and energy expenditure, as each type responds uniquely to caloric intake and exercise. Variability in weight outcomes is influenced by factors such as genetic polymorphisms and epigenetic changes in hormonal signaling pathways and metabolic processes, as well as lifestyle factors, including nutrition, exercise, sleep, and stress.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMechanisms and early efficacy data of caloric restriction and caloric restriction mimetics in neurodegenerative disease.
Neuroscience
January 2025
Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India; Manipal Centre for Biotherapeutics Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576 104, Karnataka, India. Electronic address:
Neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) have been prevalent for more than a decade, and the number of individuals affected per year has increased exponentially. Among these NDDs, Alzheimer's disease, which causes extreme cognitive impairment, and Parkinson's disease, characterized by impairments in motor activity, are the most prevalent. While few treatments are available for clinical practice, they have minimal effects on reversing the neurodegeneration associated with these debilitating diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!