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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2024.1342 | DOI Listing |
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Evolved and Plastic Gene Expression in Adaptation of a Specialist Fly to a Novel Niche.
Mol Ecol
January 2025
Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
How gene expression evolves to enable divergent ecological adaptation and how changes in gene expression relate to genomic architecture are pressing questions for understanding the mechanisms enabling adaptation and ecological speciation. Furthermore, how plasticity in gene expression can both contribute to and be affected by the process of ecological adaptation is crucial to understanding gene expression evolution, colonisation of novel niches and response to rapid environmental change. Here, we investigate the role of constitutive and plastic gene expression differences between host races, or host-specific ecotypes, of the peacock fly Tephritis conura, a thistle bud specialist.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA two-stage hybrid NSGA-III with BWO for path planning and task allocation in agricultural land preparation.
PLoS One
January 2025
College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, P.R. China.
Automated large-scale farmland preparation operations face significant challenges related to path planning efficiency and uniformity in resource allocation. To improve agricultural production efficiency and reduce operational costs, an enhanced method for planning land preparation paths is proposed. In the initial stage, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are employed to collect data from the field, which is then used to construct accurate farm models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPerceived intrinsic 3D shape of faces is robust to changes in lighting direction, image rotation and polarity inversion.
Vision Res
December 2024
University of Essex, Department of Psychology, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, Essex, UK; University of Suffolk, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Ipswich, IP4 1QJ, Suffolk, UK.
Face recognition from 2D images is influenced by various factors, including lighting conditions, viewing direction, rotation, and polarity inversion. It has been proposed that these techniques affect face recognition by distorting shape from shading. This study investigates the perception of 3D face shape in 2D images using a gauge figure task.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComplex Genomic Landscape of Inversion Polymorphism in Europe's Most Destructive Forest Pest.
Genome Biol Evol
December 2024
Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates polymorphic genomic inversions in the spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus), a significant forest pest in Europe, examining their prevalence and role in local adaptation.
- Researchers analyzed 240 individuals across 18 populations, identifying 27 polymorphic inversions that account for ~28% of the genome, revealing a complex genomic landscape influenced by recombination and overlap.
- The findings suggest that these inversions may be maintained by neutral processes rather than traditional evolutionary mechanisms, and they are notably enriched in genes related to odorant receptors, highlighting their potential impact on traits linked to ecological interactions.
Experience-dependent biases in face discrimination reveal associations between perceptual specialization and narrowing.
J Exp Psychol Gen
December 2024
Department of Special Education, Faculty of Education, University of Haifa.
Experience is known to be a key element involved in the modulation of face-processing abilities as manifested by the inversion effect, other-race, and other-age effects. Yet, it is unclear how exposure refines internal perceptual representations of faces to give rise to such behavioral effects. To address this issue, we investigated short- and long-term experienced stimulus history on face processing.
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