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Synergistic Treatment of Breast Cancer by Combining the Antimicrobial Peptide Piscidin with a Modified Glycolipid. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Piscidin 3 (P3) and hexyl ester-modified sophorolipid (SL-HE) are both promising individual treatments for antimicrobial and anticancer applications.
  • When combined in a 1:8 molar ratio, they significantly enhance each other's effectiveness, with P3 gaining 8-fold activity and SL-HE showing a 25-fold improvement in antimicrobial effects against a specific bacterium.
  • The combination also demonstrates potent anticancer effects on two breast cancer cell lines, triggering apoptosis and showing selectivity by protecting normal cells, suggesting this combo could be a valuable strategy for breast cancer treatment.

Article Abstract

Piscidin 3 (P3), a peptide produced by fish, and a hexyl ester-modified sophorolipid (SL-HE), have individually shown promise as antimicrobial and anticancer drugs. A recent report by our team revealed that combining P3 with SL-HE in a 1:8 molar ratio resulted in an 8-fold enhancement in peptide activity, while SL-HE improved by 25-fold its antimicrobial activity against the Gram-positive microorganism . Extending these findings, the same P3/SL-HE combination was assessed on two breast cancer cell lines: BT-474, a hormonally positive cell line, and MDA-MB-231, an aggressive triple-negative cell line. The results demonstrated that the 1:8 molar ratio of P3/SL-HE synergistically enhances the anticancer effects against both tumorigenic breast cell lines. Mechanistic studies indicate the activation of an intrinsic apoptotic cell death mechanism through an increase in reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial dysfunction and a secondary programmed necrotic pathway that involves pore formation in the plasma membrane. When a fibroblast cell line, CCD1065SK HDF, was utilized to determine selectivity, the synergistic SL-HE/P3 combination exhibited a protective property compared to the use of SL-HE alone and therefore afforded vastly improved selectivity indices. Given the promising results reported herein, the synergistic combination of P3/SL-HE constitutes a novel strategy that merits further study for the treatment of breast cancer.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11308023PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.3c09902DOI Listing

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