Al and MCPD in grain products in Gansu province, China and risk assessment.

This study conducted a dietary exposure assessment of chloropropanols and aluminium, after quantifying their content in food. The mean dietary exposure to Al from total grain products was found to be 6.4E-04 mg/kg bw/week, not exceeding the provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI). The results showed that the mean dietary exposure of 3-monochloro-1,2-propanediol (3-MCPD) from grain products was higher than the tolerable daily intake (TDI). Deterministic evaluations showed that the mean HQ of 1.5 to Al from fried dough twist was higher than 1. However, the HI values to Al were lower than 1 and the Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) showed that the HQ was greater than 1 at the 99% exposure level. Deterministic and probabilistic methods indicated that HQ values of 3-MCPD from grain products were above 1, whereas the mean HI value was 0.62.