dMMR tumors, which have high tumor mutational and neoantigen burdens, are highly responsive to immune checkpoint blockade. Wu et al. showed that combining COX inhibitors with PD-1 blockade could be a safe and effective treatment option for dMMR metastatic colorectal cancer. The study highlights the potential of this combination therapy in achieving deep and long-lasting responses in dMMR colorectal cancers.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.medj.2024.06.009 | DOI Listing |
AME Case Rep
November 2024
Hebei Key Laboratory of Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China.
Background: Mucinous adenocarcinoma is a rare type of colorectal cancer (CRC) associated with poor prognosis, particularly when it includes signet ring cell components. Furthermore, its rate of microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) is significantly higher compared to non-mucinous adenocarcinoma. Immunotherapy has emerged as the standard treatment for MSI-H metastatic CRC (mCRC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCrit Rev Oncol Hematol
January 2025
The Cancer Research Institute and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China (USC), Hunan 421001, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Pharmacological Research of Gastrointestinal Cancer, USC, Hunan 421001, China; MOE Key Lab of Rare Pediatric Diseases, Hengyang Medical School, USC, Hunan 421001, China; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defect Research and Prevention, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, USC, Hunan 410008, China. Electronic address:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent and lethal cancers worldwide, ranking third in incidence and second in mortality. While immunotherapy has shown promise in patients with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) or high microsatellite instability (MSI-H), its effectiveness in proficient mismatch repair (pMMR) or microsatellite stable (MSS) CRC remains limited. Recent advances highlight the gut microbiota as a potential modulator of anti-tumor immunity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi
February 2025
Department of Pathology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University/People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou 450043, China.
To investigate the expression pattern of pan-TRK protein in colorectal cancers with NTRK gene fusion and mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) and to analyze its molecular pathological characteristics. A total of 117 dMMR colorectal cancers diagnosed in the Department of Pathology of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China from 2020 to 2023 were collected. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and DNA/RNA-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) were used to detect pan-TRK protein expression and fusion partner genes in tumors, and to further explore the correlation between pan-TRK staining patterns and partner genes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi
February 2025
Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.
To investigate whether the immunohistochemical results of two markers PMS2 and MSH6 (2-MMR) could replace the four markers MLH1, PMS2, MSH2 and MSH6 (4-MMR) to detect mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) cancers. A retrospective analysis was conducted with summary of immunohistochemical data from 7 867 cases of gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, endometrial cancer, and other diseases in the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China, from March 2018 to March 2023. The consistency of 2-MMR and 4-MMR results was examined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedicina (Kaunas)
January 2025
Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
In today's world, with its continuing advancements in genetics, the identification of Lynch syndrome (LS) increasingly relies on sophisticated genetic testing techniques. Most guidelines recommend a tailored surveillance program, as well as personalized prophylactic and therapeutic approaches, according to the type of dMMR gene mutation. Carriers of path_MLH1 and path_MSH2 genes have a higher risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC), despite intensive colonoscopic surveillance.
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