Vaccination against bacteria offers its share of challenges, and important progress has been made in recent years. Conventional vaccinology has protected poultry for decades with killed and attenuated bacterial vaccines. Because of the limitations of these vaccines, and given the latest technological advances, other types of vaccines were developed using various strategies. New vaccines are also being commercialized using viral or bacterial recombinant vectors or in the form of subunit vaccines developed by a genomic approach and bioinformatics analyses. As bacteria are forever-evolving microorganisms, there is no doubt that vaccine strategies preventing bacterial diseases will also evolve and that new generations of vaccines are yet to come.
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Viral Mimetic Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles for Targeting Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2.
Int J Nanomedicine
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Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
Purpose: Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) derived from Gram-negative bacteria naturally serve as a heterologous nano-engineering platform, functioning as effective multi-use nanovesicles for diagnostics, vaccines, and treatments against pathogens. To apply refined OMVs for human theranostic applications, we developed naturally exposed receptor-binding domain (RBD) OMVs grafted with antigen 43 as a minimal modular system targeting angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2).
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Combatting Salmonella: a focus on antimicrobial resistance and the need for effective vaccination.
BMC Infect Dis
January 2025
Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, SKUAST Kashmir, Shuhama, J&K, 190006, India.
Background: Salmonella infections represent a major global public health concern due to their widespread zoonotic transmission, antimicrobial resistance, and associated morbidity and mortality. This review aimed to summarize the zoonotic nature of Salmonella, the challenges posed by antimicrobial resistance, the global burden of infections, and the need for effective vaccination strategies to mitigate the rising threat of Salmonella.
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Antigenicity evaluation of the synthetic trisaccharides related to Plesiomonas shigelloides serotype O51 O-antigen containing an acetamidino group.
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School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Lihu Ave. 1800, Wuxi, 214122, China; School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Lihu Ave. 1800, Wuxi, 214122, China; Innovation Center for Vaccine Engineering, Jiangnan University, Lihu Ave. 1800, Wuxi, 214122, China. Electronic address:
Bacterial surface polysaccharides are widely decorated with diverse rare functional groups. An understanding of the role of these functional groups in immunological activity of the glycans is required for the development of carbohydrate-based treatment against bacterial infectious diseases. Here, the antigenicity evaluation of synthetic trisaccharide 1 related to Plesiomonas shigelloides serotype O51 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O-antigen and its acetamido derivative 2 was achieved to elucidate the immunological importance of O-antigen structure.
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Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain.
The discovery at the end of the 20th century of genes that induce cell death revolutionised the biocontaintment of genetically manipulated bacteria for environmental or agricultural applications. These bacterial 'killer' genes were then assayed for their potential to target and control malignant cells in human cancers. The identification of the bacteriomes in different human organs and tissues, coupled with the observation that bacteria tend to accumulate near tumours, has opened new avenues for anti-cancer strategies.
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Virulence
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Functional Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea.
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