Objective: Unintentional poisoning in the home is a risk for children. Over-the-counter medicinal products in child-resistant containers (CRC) are common causes of pediatric poisoning. The current study examined children's abilities to open three types of CRC mechanisms (twist, flip, and push) and corresponding control containers, comparing their ability to do so spontaneously and after explicit modeling. The study also examined if inhibitory control (IC) was associated with children's overall score for spontaneous openings.
Method: Children 5-8 years old were randomly assigned to one of three mechanism conditions (between-participants factor): twist, flip, and push, with each child experiencing both a risk and a control container (within-participants factor) having that mechanism. Children were first left alone with a container (measures: engagement with container, spontaneous opening) for up to 2 min and subsequently observed an adult explicitly model opening the container before the child was asked to do so (measure: opening after modeling).
Results: Children were more engaged with and likely to spontaneously open control containers than CRCs, though some (4%-10%) also opened CRCs. After modeling, significantly more children opened each of the three types of CRCs, with nearly all children opening the push mechanism CRC. IC positively predicted children being more engaged with and spontaneously opening more containers.
Conclusions: Implications for improving pediatric poison prevention are discussed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsae064 | DOI Listing |
Cureus
December 2024
Psychology Department, Ministry of Defence, Riyadh, SAU.
Nutmeg and mace are commonly known for their medicinal and culinary properties. The chemical compounds found in nutmeg and mace, notably myristicin, elemicin, and safrole, have been implicated in the psychoactive and anticholinergic effects that are the result of acute toxicity. Cases of mace toxicity are not as commonly reported as nutmeg toxicity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrug Alcohol Rev
January 2025
Victorian Poisons Information Centre, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia.
Introduction: Nitazenes are a group of potent synthetic opioids that have had increasing prominence as novel psychoactive drugs in the last 5 years. We describe emergency department nitazene-related presentations.
Methods: This is a prospective series of patients with analytically confirmed nitazene presentations identified by the Emerging Drugs Network of Australia and Emerging Drugs Network of Australia Victoria.
Clin Toxicol (Phila)
January 2025
Rocky Mountain Poison and Drug Safety Center, Denver, CO, USA.
Introduction: Glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists have gained attention in recent years due to their efficacy in managing type II diabetes mellitus and their emerging role in weight management. The purpose of this study was to characterize glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist exposures reported to a single United States regional poison center over nine years, including causes of exposure, associated clinical effects, and potential areas for improving patient education and safety.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed all poison center calls involving glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists submitted to a single United States regional poison center from 14 January 2014 to 1 May 2023.
Inj Prev
January 2025
Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Background: In 2020, Maryland had the fourth-highest opioid overdose mortality rate in the USA. We describe substances identified in postmortem toxicology screening and designated as cause of death (COD) for overdose decedents in Maryland, including specific combinations of substances designated as COD.
Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of N=5442 adult overdose decedents (ie, manner of death unintentional or undetermined) in Maryland between January 2020 and December 2021.
Arch Dis Child
January 2025
Pediatric Emergency Department, Cruces University Hospital Paediatric Emergencies, Barakaldo, Spain
Introduction: Although the administration of activated charcoal (AC) is considered safe, the associated risk of pulmonary aspiration explains certain reluctance of physicians to use this procedure. The objective of this study was to analyse the rate of pulmonary aspiration in children receiving AC after accidental ingestion of a toxic substance.
Methods: We carried out a substudy of a multicentre prospective registry-based cohort study including children presenting with acute poisoning to 58 paediatric emergency department (EDs) members of the Spanish Society of Pediatric Emergency Medicine between 2008 and 2022 on certain previously designated days.
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