Current guidelines recommend screening with serum M-protein and serum-free light chain analysis (S-FLC) when an M-protein-related disorder is suspected. Many patients with multiple myeloma will be overlooked if only serum M-protein is measured. Despite this, the general practitioners in some areas of Denmark cannot order S-FLC. This review aims to disseminate knowledge of the S-FLC analysis, its applicability, and limitations in the diagnostic workup for suspected monoclonal gammopathies.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.61409/V12230766 | DOI Listing |
Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi
December 2024
The application of standardized criteria to evaluate treatment efficacy is crucial for guiding therapeutic decisions, assessing prognosis, and interpreting outcomes in treating multiple myeloma (MM). The unique characteristics of MM make its response assessment more complex compared with other malignancies. It primarily depends on serum and urine M protein levels, combined with the number of plasma cells in the bone marrow and comprehensive imaging findings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Biochem
December 2024
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre and St. Joseph's Health Care London, London, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
Background: Mass spectrometry methods are emerging as tools to detect M-proteins in the serum of multiple myeloma patients with increased sensitivity and specificity compared to traditional electrophoretic methods.
Methods: A liquid handling system, the Agilent AssayMAP Bravo, with liquid chromatography high-resolution quadrupole-time-of-flight (LC-QTOF) mass spectrometry to analyze intact light chains was compared to immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE) for M-protein analysis. 210 patient serum samples were analyzed in a split sample comparison (LC-QTOF vs.
BMC Nephrol
December 2024
Department of Nephrology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518000, China.
Background: POEMS syndrome with polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M protein, and skin changes is an uncommon plasma cell paraneoplastic syndrome involving multiple system. It is relatively rare in clinical practice, and renal involvement is a usual yet easily overlooked symptom.
Case Presentation: We successfully treated a patient with M protein-negative POEMS syndrome with membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) findings and thrombotic microangiopathic changes by comparing the level of Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the serum and the changes in polyserositis before and after the patient's treatment.
Adv Lab Med
December 2024
Laboratory Department, Sant Joan Despí Moisès Broggi Hospital, CLILAB Diagnòstics, Barcelona, Spain.
Objectives: Laboratory testing has an extensive role in the diagnosis of monoclonal gammopathies. Since the last updates of the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) guidelines for the diagnosis of monoclonal gammopathies, debate has arisen as to whether urine analysis remains relevant for the diagnosis of these entities.
Methods: We carried out a retrospective study with data from 132 patients with a newly diagnosed serum M-protein.
J Appl Lab Med
December 2024
The Binding Site, part of Thermo Fisher Scientific, Rochester, MN, United States.
Background: Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (t-mAbs) may interfere with electrophoresis-based methods used to monitor multiple myeloma (MM), which can create inaccurate results. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry is an alternative to gels distinguishing between endogenous M-proteins and t-mAbs based on molecular mass.
Methods: Serum samples (n = 109) from 34 MM patients receiving Dara-KRd were collected 14 or 28 days postdaratumumab administration.
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