Liraglutide combined with routine therapy improves renal function, renal fibrosis, immune status, and prognosis of type 2 diabetes patients.

Objective: To investigate the effect of Liraglutide in conjunction with routine therapy on renal function, renal fibrosis, immune status, and prognosis in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Methods: The clinical data of patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Jishou University from March 2021 to March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were assigned into a control group (n=42) and a study group (n=42) according to their treatment regimen. The control group received routine treatment, and the study group received Liraglutide in addition to routine treatment. The therapeutic effects, blood glucose levels, renal function, renal fibrosis, and Immunoglobulin (Ig) levels as well as the incidence of adverse reactions, were compared between the two groups.

Results: The effective rate was higher in study group (97.62%) than that of the control group (78.57%) (P<0.05). After treatment, the fasting blood-glucose (FBG), 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose (2hPG), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were decreased; and the study group displayed a significantly lower blood glucose level than the control group (all P<0.05). Also, the serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and 24-hour urinary protein quantification (24h-UPor) were decreased after treatment; and the study group showed more pronounced improvement in renal function index than did the control group (all P<0.05). The levels of IgA, IgM, and IgG were increased after treatment compared to pre-treatment; and the study group exhibited significantly better improvement than the control group (all P<0.05). However, the study group reported a notably higher incidence of adverse reactions than the control group (19.05% vs 2.38%; P<0.05).

Conclusion: Liraglutide combined with routine therapy is effective in treating patients with diabetes, which can effectively reduce the levels of blood glucose andurinary protein, and the degree of renal fibrosis, while improving renal and immune functions and the clinical prognosis of diabetic patients.