Predictive value of serum alkaline phosphatase, tumor-specific growth factor, and macrophage migration inhibitory factor for the efficacy of immunotargeted therapy in osteosarcoma patients.

Objective: To assess the predictive value of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), tumor-specific growth factor (TSGF), and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) for the efficacy of combined immunosuppressive and targeted therapy in osteosarcoma (OS).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed clinical data from 161 OS patients treated at Xi'an Honghui Hospital from October 2020 to October 2022. Patients received 12 weeks of therapy with interferon-α (IFN-α) and bevacizumab. Serum levels of ALP, TSGF, and MIF were measured before and after treatment. Based on treatment efficacy, patients were categorized into effective and ineffective groups. Both univariate and logistic regression analyses were utilized to evaluate the influence of these biomarkers on therapy outcomes.

Results: A significant reduction in serum ALP, TSGF, and MIF levels post-treatment was found (all P<0.001). Higher pre-treatment levels of these biomarkers were associated with less effective outcomes (P<0.001).

Conclusion: Pre-treatment levels of ALP, TSGF, and MIF are significant independent predictors of response to immunotargeted therapy in OS patients, suggesting their potential role in guiding treatment strategies.