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| http://dx.doi.org/10.3324/haematol.2024.285562 | DOI Listing |
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Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) refers to initiatives undertaken by corporations that aim to make a positive impact on society. It is unclear to what extent these aims are achieved in relation to population health. We explored the evidence for mechanisms by which CSR has positive or negative effects on population health through a systematic-narrative hybrid review of 97 relevant articles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA contentious intervention to support the medical workforce: a case study of the policy of introducing physician associates in the United Kingdom.
Hum Resour Health
January 2025
Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
Background: Health systems across Europe are facing a workforce crisis, with some experiencing severe shortages of doctors. In response, many are exploring greater task-sharing, across established professions, such as doctors, nurses, and pharmacists, with patients and carers, and with new occupational groups, in particular ones that can assist doctors and relieve their workload.
Case Presentation: In the early 2000s the United Kingdom created a new occupational role, that of physician assistant.
Spatial-Structural Mechanisms of Racialized Disparities in Overdose Mortality: A Spatiotemporal Analysis.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities
January 2025
Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
Efforts to understand and respond to the opioid crisis have focused on overdose fatalities. Overdose mortality rates (ratios of overdoses resulting in death) are rarely examined though they are important indicators of harm reduction effectiveness. Factors that vary across urban communities likely determine which community members are receiving the resources needed to reduce fatal overdose risk.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssessing the Current Limitations of Large Language Models in Advancing Health Care Education.
JMIR Form Res
January 2025
Department of Physician Assistant Studies, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 179 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, United States, 1 6177322961.
The integration of large language models (LLMs), as seen with the generative pretrained transformers series, into health care education and clinical management represents a transformative potential. The practical use of current LLMs in health care sparks great anticipation for new avenues, yet its embracement also elicits considerable concerns that necessitate careful deliberation. This study aims to evaluate the application of state-of-the-art LLMs in health care education, highlighting the following shortcomings as areas requiring significant and urgent improvements: (1) threats to academic integrity, (2) dissemination of misinformation and risks of automation bias, (3) challenges with information completeness and consistency, (4) inequity of access, (5) risks of algorithmic bias, (6) exhibition of moral instability, (7) technological limitations in plugin tools, and (8) lack of regulatory oversight in addressing legal and ethical challenges.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOptimizing data collection for obstetrical ultrasound research at the primary health care level in rural Uganda.
Glob Health Action
December 2024
Pediatrics, The University of Vermont, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, USA.
Background: Neonatal and maternal mortality remains high in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Quality data collection is crucial to understand the magnitude of these problems and to measure the impact of interventions aimed at improving neonatal and maternal mortality. However, data collection in the low-income country setting, especially in rural areas, has been a challenge for researchers, policy makers, and public health officials.
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