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Improving Vessel Visibility and Applying Artificial Intelligence to Autodetect Brain Metastasis for a 3D MR Imaging Sequence Capable of Simultaneous Images with and without Blood Vessel Suppression.
Magn Reson Med Sci
November 2024
Department of Molecular Imaging and Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to enhance vessel visibility in MR imaging by adjusting k-space filling techniques and to assess the effectiveness of an AI approach for detecting brain metastases using a method called VISIBLE with compressed sensitivity encoding (CS).
- Three variations of the VISIBLE sequence (Centric, Reversed Centric, and Startup Echo 30) were tested. While the Reversed Centric method produced fewer false positives, all three showed similar sensitivity and specificity for brain metastasis detection.
- The findings indicated that modifying k-space filling improves vessel visibility and reduces false positives, while the AI model proved effective in autonomously detecting brain metastases in the MRI scans.
Explanation for the Absence of Secondary Peaks in Black Hole Light Curve Autocorrelations.
Phys Rev Lett
September 2024
Department of Physics & Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37212, USA.
Article Synopsis
- The radiation observed from gas falling into a black hole is influenced by the flow details and the black hole's spacetime geometry, resulting in specific light patterns.
- The black hole's lensing creates a unique photon ring with expected light echo peaks in its light curve, but these peaks are generally not seen in actual observations.
- The study presents a model showing that the absence of these peaks occurs if the characteristic correlation timescale of the light source is longer than the delay between light echoes, and this work emphasizes the need for better observation techniques to analyze black hole properties accurately.
Moderate Genetic Diversity of MHC Genes in an Isolated Small Population of Black-and-White Snub-Nosed Monkeys ().
Animals (Basel)
August 2024
Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
Genetic diversity is an essential indicator that echoes the natural selection and environmental adaptation of a species. Isolated small populations are vulnerable to genetic drift, inbreeding, and limited gene flow; thus, assessing their genetic diversity is critical in conservation. In this study, we studied the genetic diversity of black-and-white snub-nosed monkeys () using neutral microsatellites and five adaptive major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEchoes of the Black Death: Yersinia Pestis Resurgence and Public Health Perspectives.
Infect Disord Drug Targets
August 2024
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India.
Nonlinear Treatment of a Black Hole Mimicker Ringdown.
Phys Rev Lett
July 2024
Princeton Gravity Initiative, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA and Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA.
We perform the first nonlinear and self-consistent study of the merger and ringdown of a black hole mimicking object with stable light rings. To that end, we numerically solve the full Einstein-Klein-Gordon equations governing the head-on collisions of a series of binary boson stars in the large-mass-ratio regime resulting in spinning horizonless remnants with stable light rings. We broadly confirm the appearance of features in the extracted gravitational waveforms expected based on perturbative methods: the signal from the prompt response of the remnants approaches that of a Kerr black hole in the large-compactness limit, and the subsequent emissions contain periodically appearing bursts akin to so-called gravitational wave echoes.
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