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The effect of body mass index at diagnosis on survival of patients with squamous cell head and neck carcinoma.
Am J Cancer Res
November 2024
Section of Hygiene, University Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Rome, Italy.
The aim of this study is to investigate the prognostic role of body mass index (BMI) on survival from head and neck cancer (HNC). We performed a pooled analysis of studies included in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology consortium. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for overall survival and HNC-specific survival, and we stratified the results according to cancer site.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDouble Negative Control Inference in Test-Negative Design Studies of Vaccine Effectiveness.
J Am Stat Assoc
July 2023
Department of Statistics and Data Science, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania.
The test-negative design (TND) has become a standard approach to evaluate vaccine effectiveness against the risk of acquiring infectious diseases in real-world settings, such as Influenza, Rotavirus, Dengue fever, and more recently COVID-19. In a TND study, individuals who experience symptoms and seek care are recruited and tested for the infectious disease which defines cases and controls. Despite TND's potential to reduce unobserved differences, in healthcare seeking behavior (HSB) between vaccinated and unvaccinated subjects, it remains subject to various potential biases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPeriodontitis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
Mol Cells
December 2024
Department of Oral Histology and Developmental Biology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. Electronic address:
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a major global health concern linked to significant morbidity and mortality. Recent research has explored the relationship between ASCVD and periodontitis, a prevalent inflammatory oral condition. Epidemiological studies have suggested a strong association between periodontitis and ASCVD, even proposing that periodontal disease could be a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRethinking animal attrition in preclinical research: Expressing causal mechanisms of selection bias using directed acyclic graphs.
J Cereb Blood Flow Metab
August 2024
Institute of Public Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Animal attrition in preclinical experiments can introduce bias in the estimation of causal treatment effects, as the treatment-outcome association in surviving animals may not represent the causal effect of interest. This can compromise the internal validity of the study despite randomization at the outset. Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) are useful tools to transparently visualize assumptions about the causal structure underlying observed data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPotential Biases in Test-Negative Design Studies of COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness Arising from the Inclusion of Asymptomatic Individuals.
Am J Epidemiol
August 2024
Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
The test-negative design (TND) is a popular method for evaluating vaccine effectiveness (VE). A "classical" TND study includes symptomatic individuals tested for the disease targeted by the vaccine to estimate VE against symptomatic infection. However, recent applications of the TND have attempted to estimate VE against infection by including all tested individuals, regardless of their symptoms.
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