Aims: Our primary aim was to establish the proportion of female orthopaedic consultants who perform arthroplasty via cases submitted to the National Joint Registry (NJR), which covers England, Wales, Northern Ireland, the Isle of Man, and Guernsey. Secondary aims included comparing time since specialist registration, private practice participation, and number of hospitals worked in between male and female surgeons.
Methods: Publicly available data from the NJR was extracted on the types of arthroplasty performed by each surgeon, and the number of procedures of each type undertaken. Each surgeon was cross-referenced with the General Medical Council (GMC) website, using GMC number to extract surgeon demographic data. These included sex, region of practice, and dates of full and specialist registration.
Results: Of 2,895 surgeons contributing to the NJR in 2023, 102 (4%) were female. The highest proportions of female surgeons were among those who performed elbow (n = 25; 5%), shoulder (n = 24; 4%), and ankle (n = 8; 4%) arthroplasty. Hip (n = 66; 3%) and knee arthroplasty (n = 39; 2%) had the lowest female representation. Female surgeons had been practising for a median of 10.4 years since specialist registration compared to 13.7 years for males (p < 0.001). Northern Ireland was the region with the highest proportion of female arthroplasty surgeons (8%). A greater proportion of male surgeons worked in private practice (63% vs 24%; p < 0.001) and in multiple hospitals (74% vs 40%; p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Only 4% of surgeons currently contributing cases to the NJR are female, with the highest proportion performing elbow arthroplasty (5%). Female orthopaedic surgeons in the NJR are earlier in their careers than male surgeons, and are less involved in private practice. There is a wide geographical variation in the proportion of female arthroplasty surgeons.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11300044 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/2633-1462.58.BJO-2024-0059.R1 | DOI Listing |
JAMA
January 2025
Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Importance: T helper 2 (T2) cells and T helper 17 (T17) cells are CD4+ T cell subtypes involved in asthma. Characterizing asthma endotypes based on these cell types in diverse groups is important for developing effective therapies for youths with asthma.
Objective: To identify asthma endotypes in school-aged youths aged 6 to 20 years by examining the distribution and characteristics of transcriptomic profiles in nasal epithelium.
JAMA Psychiatry
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Importance: Mania/hypomania is the pathognomonic feature of bipolar disorder (BD). As BD is often misdiagnosed as major depressive disorder (MDD), replicable neural markers of mania/hypomania risk are needed for earlier BD diagnosis and pathophysiological treatment development.
Objective: To replicate the previously reported positive association between left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC) activity during reward expectancy (RE) and mania/hypomania risk, to explore the effect of MDD history on this association, and to compare RE-related left vlPFC activity in individuals with and at risk of BD.
JAMA Ophthalmol
January 2025
The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Importance: While urban counties maintain higher densities of ophthalmologists than rural counties, the geographic distribution of ophthalmic surgical subspecialists has not yet been elucidated. A potential workforce discrepancy may impact the burden of care faced by rural surgeons.
Objective: To assess the geographic distribution of the ophthalmic subspecialist surgeon workforce and evaluate factors associated with practicing in rural areas.
JAMA Netw Open
January 2025
Transformative Health Systems Research to Improve Veteran Equity and Independence Center of Innovation, Veterans Affairs Providence Health Care System, Providence, Rhode Island.
Importance: Influenza vaccination remains the most important intervention to prevent influenza morbidity and mortality among nursing home residents. The additional effectiveness of recombinant influenza vaccine vs standard dose vaccines was demonstrated in outpatient older adults but has not been evaluated in nursing home populations.
Objective: To compare hospitalization rates among residents in nursing homes immunized with a recombinant vs a standard dose egg-based influenza vaccine.
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