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The morphology of the pygidial glands and the chemical composition of their secretions of four sphodrine ground beetle species (Carabidae: Platyninae). | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Ground beetles have pygidial glands that produce secretions for defense against predators, and their structure and chemical makeup were studied in four species.
  • The morphological analysis was conducted for the first time using advanced microscopy techniques, capturing detailed measurements and images of the glands.
  • Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed 30 compounds in the secretions, with unique findings such as 1-Undecanol and dodecyl butyrate, previously unreported in ground beetles.

Article Abstract

Ground beetles possess a pair of pygidial glands that produce and release secretions that play an important role in defense against predators. The morphology of these glands and the chemical composition of their products were studied in four species of the tribe Sphodrini: Calathus (Calathus) fuscipes (Goeze, 1777), C. (Neocalathus) cinctus Motschulsky, 1850, C. (N.) melanocephalus (Linnaeus, 1758) and Laemostenus (Antisphodrus) elongatus (Dejean, 1828). The morphological analyzes of the glands of the four taxa mentioned were carried out for the first time using bright-field and nonlinear microscopy. All morphological structures were precisely measured and photographed. The pygidial gland secretions of C. (C.) fuscipes and L. (A.) elongatus were analyzed for the first time using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A total of 30 compounds were detected from the extracts of pygidial gland secretions of the four Sphodrini species studied. The simplest chemical mixture was found in L. (A.) elongatus, while the most complex secretion was that of C. (C.) fuscipes. 1-Undecanol, which we were able to detect in all taxa examined here, and dodecyl butyrate, which was detected in the three Calathus species, have never before been detected in the secretions of ground beetles.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinsphys.2024.104685DOI Listing

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