A parent-administered sensorimotor intervention for oral feeding in infants born preterm: A randomized clinical study.

Aim: To evaluate the effect of a parent-administered sensorimotor intervention (PASI) program on developmental outcomes of infants born preterm during their stay in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Method: A randomized clinical study was conducted with 94 infants (mean gestational age 31 weeks [SD 2.2 weeks]; 1658 g [SD 478 g]; 49 males, 45 females) initially enrolled and randomly assigned to an experimental or a control group. Infants in the experimental group received a PASI, consisting of tactile input to oral structures, trunk/limbs, and non-nutritive sucking for 15 minutes, once a day, for 10 days. Infants in the control group received standard care. Outcomes included attainment of complete oral feeds, occurrence of direct breastfeeding at hospital discharge, and motor function assessed using the Test of Infant Motor Performance (TIMP).

Results: A total of 80 infants completed the study. Infants in the experimental group achieved complete oral feeds sooner (11.9 [SD 4.3] vs 15.3 [SD 6.5] days, p = 0.013), and a greater number of them received direct breastfeeds (22 vs 12, p = 0.010) than controls. Infants in both groups had equivalent motor functions scores on the TIMP (46.9 [SD 4.8], 46.8 [SD 8.4], p = 0.961).

Interpretation: A PASI program may enhance an infant's oral feeding skills. These findings provide evidence to advocate for the institution of PASI in NICUs.