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Chronic osteoarthritis caused by infection in a captive sand gazelle. | LitMetric

Chronic osteoarthritis caused by infection in a captive sand gazelle.

J Vet Diagn Invest

Departments of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.

Published: November 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • Osteoarthritis is a significant health issue in geriatric gazelles, and a case study highlights a male sand gazelle suffering from progressive osteoarthritis of the right tarsus, resulting in chronic lameness.
  • Serial biopsies and diagnostic imaging revealed the presence of pyogranulomatous dermatitis and a bacterial infection that is typically associated with cattle but had not been documented in other species, including gazelles.
  • Despite various treatments, the condition worsened, leading to the animal's euthanasia, where postmortem analysis showed extensive tissue damage and revealed a new possibly infectious bacterium that could be a factor in chronic osteoarthritis in gazelles.

Article Abstract

Osteoarthritis is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in geriatric gazelles. has been reported as a cause of systemic granulomas in cattle, but there are no descriptions of this bacteria infecting other species nor causing osteoarthritis, to our knowledge. An 8-y-old, castrated male, sand gazelle () was managed for chronic, intermittent, progressive osteoarthritis of the right tarsus. Serial biopsies revealed pyogranulomatous dermatitis with intralesional bacteria. Serial diagnostic imaging identified osseous and soft tissue proliferation with draining tracts. Treatments over 1 y included broad-spectrum antibiotics, anti-inflammatories, joint debridement, and infusion with platelet-rich plasma and stem cells. Despite therapy, lameness persisted, azotemia developed, and subsequently, the animal was euthanized. On postmortem examination, the periarticular tissue of the right tarsus was markedly expanded by pyogranulomas and fibrosis. Histologically, the synovium, joint capsule, and overlying soft tissues were markedly expanded by pyogranulomas and numerous gram-positive and acid-fast-negative filamentous bacteria surrounded by Splendore-Hoeppli material. Within the joint, there was regionally extensive cartilage ulceration, osteonecrosis, osteolysis, and pannus formation. PCR assay of affected formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue amplified segments of 16S rRNA and β subunit of bacterial RNA polymerase () genes with 99.7% and 95.6% identity to . This bacterium should be considered a differential for chronic pyogranulomatous osteoarthritis in gazelles.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11529068PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10406387241263329DOI Listing

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