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A Bilingual Readability Assessment of Online Breast Cancer Screening and Treatment Information. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • - The study highlights the need for breast cancer (BC) information to be accessible at a sixth-grade reading level for the general public, noting that BC is the second-most common cancer in women and the readability of online resources in English and Spanish is unclear.
  • - Researchers analyzed 60 websites in each language using different readability frameworks, discovering that most English-language sites were hospital-affiliated and had higher reading difficulty, while Spanish sites mostly came from foundations and were easier to read.
  • - The findings revealed that many websites in both languages exceed the recommended sixth-grade reading level, suggesting the need for improved readability standards, especially for Spanish translations.

Article Abstract

Introduction: Presenting health information at a sixth-grade reading level is advised to accommodate the general public's abilities. Breast cancer (BC) is the second-most common malignancy in women, but the readability of online BC information in English and Spanish, the two most commonly spoken languages in the United States, is uncertain.

Methods: Three search engines were queried using: "how to do a breast examination," "when do I need a mammogram," and "what are the treatment options for breast cancer" in English and Spanish. Sixty websites in each language were studied and classified by source type and origin. Three readability frameworks in each language were applied: Flesch Kincaid Reading Ease, Flesch Kincaid Grade Level, and Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG) for English, and Fernández-Huerta, Spaulding, and Spanish adaptation of SMOG for Spanish. Median readability scores were calculated, and corresponding grade level determined. The percentage of websites requiring reading abilities >sixth grade level was calculated.

Results: English-language websites were predominantly hospital-affiliated (43.3%), while Spanish websites predominantly originated from foundation/advocacy sources (43.3%). Reading difficulty varied across languages: English websites ranged from 5th-12th grade (Flesch Kincaid Grade Level/Flesch Kincaid Reading Ease: 78.3%/98.3% above sixth grade), while Spanish websites spanned 4th-10th grade (Spaulding/Fernández-Huerta: 95%/100% above sixth grade). SMOG/Spanish adaptation of SMOG scores showed lower reading difficulty for Spanish, with few websites exceeding sixth grade (1.7% and 0% for English and Spanish, respectively).

Conclusions: Online BC resources have reading difficulty levels that exceed the recommended sixth grade, although these results vary depending on readability framework. Efforts should be made to establish readability standards that can be translated into Spanish to enhance accessibility for this patient population.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2024.07.026DOI Listing

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