Introduction: Cancer vaccines (protein and peptide, DNA, mRNA, and tumor cell) have achieved remarkable success in the treatment of cancer. In particular, advances in the design and manufacture of biomaterials have made it possible to control the presentation and delivery of vaccine components to immune cells.
Areas Covered: This review summarizes findings from major databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, focusing on articles published between 2005 and 2024 that discuss biomaterials in cancer vaccine delivery.
Expert Opinion: The development of cancer vaccines is hindered by several bottlenecks, including low immunogenicity, instability of vaccine components, and challenges in evaluating their clinical efficacy. To transform preclinical successes into viable treatments, it is essential to pursue continued innovation, collaborative research, and address issues related to scalability, regulatory pathways, and clinical validation, ultimately improving outcomes against cancer.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17425247.2024.2388832 | DOI Listing |
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Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Real World Data Infrastructure: A Big-Data Resource for Study of the Impact of COVID-19 in Patient Populations With Immunocompromising Conditions.
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Northwell, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New Hyde Park, New York, USA.
Background: We developed a United States-based real-world data resource to better understand the continued impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on immunocompromised patients, who are typically underrepresented in prospective studies and clinical trials.
Methods: The COVID-19 Real World Data infrastructure (CRWDi) was created by linking and harmonizing de-identified HealthVerity medical and pharmacy claims data from 1 December 2018 to 31 December 2023, with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virologic and serologic laboratory data from major commercial laboratories and Northwell Health; COVID-19 vaccination data; and, for patients with cancer, 2010 to 2021 National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry data.
Results: The CRWDi contains 4 cohorts: patients with cancer; patients with rheumatic diseases receiving pharmacotherapy; noncancer solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients; and people from the general population including adults and pediatric patients.
A Case of Rapid Transformation of a Nail Matrix Nevi to Melanoma After Messenger RNA COVID-19 Vaccine: A Cause or a Coincidence?
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Department of Dermatology, Saint Joseph University, Hôtel-Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, LBN.
Subungual melanoma is a variant of acral lentiginous melanoma that arises from the nail matrix. Subungual melanomas present unique clinical challenges due to diagnostic difficulties and the lack of a standardized protocol for surveillance, also, there are no evidence-based studies that determine the ideal frequency and duration of clinical and dermoscopy follow-ups in patients with longitudinal melanonychia. This is highlighted by a case of longitudinal melanonychia in a 53-year-old patient who underwent malignant transformation to subungual melanoma after a biphasic growth.
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Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP) Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran.
Objectives: Adjuvants are some of the most important components used for vaccine formulation. In addition, the efficacy of vaccines is highly dependent on the nature of the adjuvants used. Therefore, new adjuvant formulations may help develop more potent vaccines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCombination adjuvant improves influenza virus immunity by downregulation of immune homeostasis genes in lymphocytes.
Immunohorizons
January 2025
Vaccine Research & Development Center, Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, United States.
Adjuvants play a central role in enhancing the immunogenicity of otherwise poorly immunogenic vaccine antigens. Combining adjuvants has the potential to enhance vaccine immunogenicity compared with single adjuvants, although the cellular and molecular mechanisms of combination adjuvants are not well understood. Using the influenza virus hemagglutinin H5 antigen, we define the immunological landscape of combining CpG and MPLA (TLR-9 and TLR-4 agonists, respectively) with a squalene nanoemulsion (AddaVax) using immunologic and transcriptomic profiling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVvax001, a Therapeutic Vaccine for Patients with HPV16-positive High-grade Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia: a Phase II Trial.
Clin Cancer Res
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University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
Purpose: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the major cause of (pre)malignant cervical lesions. We previously demonstrated that Vvax001, a replication-incompetent Semliki Forest virus (SFV) vaccine encoding HPV type 16 (HPV16) E6 and E7, induced potent anti-E6 and -E7 cytotoxic T-cell responses. Here, we investigated the clinical efficacy of Vvax001 in patients with HPV16-positive cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3).
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