AI Article Synopsis
- AIDS-related NK/T-cell lymphoma is a rare and aggressive form of cancer linked to HIV, with no established treatment plans; this case presents a unique situation of remission in both lymphoma and subsequent acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
- A patient diagnosed with extra-nodal NK/T-cell lymphoma underwent chemotherapy and antiretroviral therapy, achieving complete remission, but later developed AML after 70 months and successfully attained remission again following further chemotherapy.
- This case emphasizes the potential of chemotherapy combined with antiretroviral therapy for treating AIDS-related cancers and stresses the need for ongoing monitoring in patients with such malignancies.
Article Abstract
Background: AIDS-related NK/T-cell lymphoma is a rare subtype of AIDS-related lymphomas, characterized by a poor prognosis and lack of standardized treatment protocols. To date, there have been no reported cases of AIDS-associated NK/T-cell lymphoma in remission followed by treatment-related acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML), where both the lymphoma and AML achieved remission and long-term survival through chemotherapy alone.
Case Presentation: We report a case of a patient diagnosed with AIDS-related extra-nodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTCL). The patient achieved complete remission after receiving six cycles of chemotherapy, local radiotherapy, and combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Throughout the follow-up period, the patient continued cART treatment, maintaining an HIV-RNA level below the lower limit of detection. However, 70 months later, the patient developed new symptoms and was subsequently diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) M4 subtype. Following the completion of 10 cycles of chemotherapy and ongoing cART, the patient achieved complete remission of AML, with an overall survival time exceeding 103 months from the initial ENKTCL diagnosis.
Conclusions: This case highlights the effectiveness of chemotherapy combined with cART in the treatment of AIDS-associated NK/T-cell lymphoma and secondary treatment-related leukemia. This approach may serve as a viable option for patients who are not candidates for bone marrow transplantation. Furthermore, this case underscores the importance of long-term follow-up in the management of AIDS-associated malignancies.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11292489 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33622 | DOI Listing |
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