AI Article Synopsis
- The State University of North Fluminense has been running a breeding program for 15 years to create new cultivars of elephant grass, aimed specifically at meeting the needs of local producers in Rio de Janeiro due to a lack of available cultivars.
- The study analyzed 11 inbred families of elephant grass by estimating genetic diversity and variances, and utilized mixed models to identify the best genotypes based on traits like dry matter production and plant height.
- Results indicated that certain families were highly productive and genetically diverse, with selection indices suggesting that certain approaches could yield greater gains in genotypic quality.
Article Abstract
The State University of North Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF) has been developing for fifteen years a breeding program that aims at the development of new cultivars of elephant grass due to its high potential and the low availability of cultivars developed by genetic breeding programs that meet the needs of producers in the State of Rio de Janeiro. In this sense, inbred families were also obtained as a way of fixing potential alleles for traits related to production, as the inbreeding process apparently does not strongly affect elephant grass in aspects related to inbreeding depression. This study aimed to estimate genetic diversity, variance components and prediction of genotypic values in 11 (S) elephant grass families, and perform the truncation and simultaneous selection of traits using the selection index, by mixed models. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks with 11 (S) families, three replications, and six plants per plot. For variables dry matter production, percentage of dry matter, plant height, stem diameter, number of tillers and leaf blade width, was performed the estimation of genetic parameters and selection of the best genotypes based selection index using mixed model. The descriptors were subjected to correlation analysis, distance matrices were generated by the Mahalanobis method, and individuals were grouped by the UPGMA method. In the selection via mixed models (REML/BLUP), families 6, 11, 8, 1, 3, 7, and 9 contributed most of the genotypes selected for the evaluated traits, indicating their high potential to generate superior genotype. The selection indices via mixed models indicated that the multiplicative index presented a greater selection gain.The phenotypic correlations showed the possibility of performing an indirect selection from six evaluated traits.The genotypes were separated into 18 groups by the Mahalanobis distance, allowing the observation of a wide genetic diversity. The most divergent and productive genotypes were self-fertilized to obtain the second generation (S), continuing the development program.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11294484 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-68466-9 | DOI Listing |
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