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Non-invasive exploration of malting barley (Hordeum vulgare) in vitro germination and varietal effects using short wave infrared spectral imaging and ANOVA simultaneous component analysis. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • - ASCA was used to analyze short-wave infrared spectral data from 5 malting barley varieties to investigate how germination status and time affect biochemical changes, showing significant effects (p < 0.0001) across all varieties.
  • - The study visualized changes in biochemical composition during germination, revealing that the uptake of water significantly altered the proteome, lipid, and starch structures.
  • - Findings indicated that each barley variety reacts differently to germination, affecting its malting performance and chemical profile, and suggested that SWIR spectral imaging could be a useful tool for monitoring barley germination.

Article Abstract

ANOVA-simultaneous component analysis (ASCA) was applied to short-wave infrared spectral fingerprints of 5 malting barley varieties collected using a hyperspectral imaging system to determine the effect of germination, the influence of time and the influence of barley by means of a full factorial experimental design. ASCA indicated that there was a significant (p < 0.0001) effect of the germination status, the germination time and interaction on the spectral data for all varieties. The biochemical and physiological modification of the samples were characterised by visualisation of the longitudinal scores obtained from simultaneous component analysis for the germination time factor. This resulted in the visualisation and explanation of biochemical change over the course of barley germination as a factor of time. The relevant loadings indicated a significant change to the proteome, lipid and starch structure as driven by the uptake of water over time. The ASCA model were extrapolated to include the effect of barley variety to the already mentioned germination status and germination time factors, resulting once again in all the effects being significant (p < 0.0001). Here it was shown that all the barley varieties are significantly different from one another pre- and post-modification, based on the molecular vibrations observed in the short wave-infrared (SWIR) spectra, suggesting that the detection of biotic stress factors, such as pre-harvest germination, also differ for each variety, by indicating that the germination profile of each barley variety varies as a function of germination time. Thus, also the malting performance, germinative energy and chemical profile of each barley variety tested will vary before, during and after imbibition and germination - indicating the importance of malting commercial barley malt true to variety. These results indicate that (SWIR) spectral imaging instrumentation can possibly be used to monitor controlled germination of barley grain. Due to the shown ability of SWIR spectral imaging to detect small biochemical changes over time of barley grain during germination.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2024.124869DOI Listing

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