We present a case of a man in his 40s with pulmonary-renal syndrome due to myeloperoxidase-positive antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies-associated vasculitis and concurrent cold agglutinin disease, a combination that has not yet been described in the literature. The fulminant course of the disease, including the need for kidney replacement therapy and mechanical ventilation posed a significant treatment challenge due to haemolytic complications.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2023-257859 | DOI Listing |
Cureus
December 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, Uwajima City Hospital, Uwajima, JPN.
We report a case of coexisting cold agglutinin and cryoglobulin in a patient with severe anemia following COVID-19 infection, in whom direct antiglobulin testing revealed C3d positivity and immunoglobulin G negativity. There was no evident hemolytic anemia, thrombosis, or clinically significant IgM monoclonal gammopathy. The anemia improved with folic acid supplementation alone accompanied by a decrease of the cold agglutination titer, and the direct antiglobulin test became negative.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Med (Lausanne)
December 2024
Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Introduction: Although rituximab is approved for several autoimmune diseases, no formal dose finding studies have been conducted. The amount of CD20+ cells differs significantly between autoimmune diseases and B-cell malignancies. Hence, dose requirements of anti-CD20 therapies may differ accordingly.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAfr J Reprod Health
November 2024
Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China.
This was a case report and literature review, aimed to strengthen the understanding and therapy of mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) pneumonia combined with cold agglutinin disease and pulmonary embolism in children. A 7-year-old boy was taken to the hospital with fever for 7 days, cough for 5 days, and recurrent cyanosis at the extremities of one day duration. Pulmonary artery computed tomography angiography (CTA) showed pulmonary embolism, double pneumonia, and pleural effusion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmunohematology
December 2024
Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.
Anti-IH is a common cold agglutinin that is typically clinically insignificant. We present a case that resulted in hemolysis. A 32-year-old male patient with transfusion-independent beta-thalassemia intermedia presented with symptomatic anemia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
November 2024
Department of Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, USA.
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia is a disorder that is characterized by the destruction of red blood cells through an autoimmune process, such as temperature-dependent antibodies. The two predominant types, cold agglutinin and warm agglutinin disease, typically possess different underlying etiologies. Prompt recognition and workup of autoimmune hemolytic anemia should be prioritized to potentially uncover any underlying primary cause, such as malignancy.
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