Respect for the scientific process and a diversity of views; open discourse and debate based on principles of ethics, best available evidence, and scientific inquiry and integrity; and an understanding of evidence gaps and uncertainty and how to communicate about them are important values in the advancement of science and the practice of medicine. Physicians often must make decisions about their recommendations to patients in the face of scarce or conflicting data. Are these characteristics of medicine and science widely understood and effectively communicated among members of the profession and to patients and the public? Issues of scientific integrity are longstanding, but COVID-19 brought them to the forefront, in an environment that was sometimes characterized by communication missteps as guidance came and went-or changed-quickly. Today, is open debate flourishing? Have some debates shed more heat than light? Are people losing confidence in science and medicine? In health care institutions? The American College of Physicians explores these issues and offers guidance in this position paper.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/M24-0648 | DOI Listing |
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
January 2025
South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Makhanda, 6140, South Africa.
Riverine physical and chemical characteristics are influencing ecosystem integrity while shaping and impacting species richness and diversity. Changes in these factors could potentially influence community structuring through competition, predation and localised species extinctions. In this study, eight sampling sites over multiple seasons were assessed along the streams draining the City of Nelspruit, South Africa, to examine river health based on water and sediment quality, while using macroinvertebrates as bioindicators for pollution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Sci Pollut Res Int
January 2025
Post-Graduation Program in Ecology, Conservation, and Biodiversity, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, 38408144, Brazil.
Since the establishment of the COVID-19 pandemic, a range of studies have been developed to understand the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection, vaccine development, and therapeutic testing. However, the possible impacts that these viruses can have on non-target organisms have been explored little, and our knowledge of the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic for biota is still very limited. Thus, the current study aimed to address this knowledge gap by evaluating the possible impacts of oral exposure of C57Bl/6 J female mice to SARS-CoV-2 lysate protein (at 20 µg/L) for 30 days, using multiple methods, including behavioral assessments, biochemical analyses, and histopathological examinations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Nano
January 2025
Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Applied Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
SiO-based anodes, considered the most promising candidate for high-energy density batteries, have long been bothered by mechanical integrity issues. Research efforts focus on particle modifications, often overlooking the enhancement of interparticle connections, which can reduce the active material content within the electrode. Herein, an integrated electrode with strong covalent bonding at the electrode scale is designed, achieving excellent mechanical stability with ∼95 wt.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Agric Food Chem
January 2025
CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanhai Road 7, Qingdao 266071, China.
Ten cytochalasin derivatives, including six new methylthioether-containing chaetoglobosins (thiochaetoglobosins A-F, ), a new related congener (18-nor-prochaetoglobosin II, ), and three known unsulfured counterparts (), were isolated and identified from AS-506, an endozoic fungus isolated from a deep-sea sponge, which was collected from Magellan Seamounts in the Western Pacific Ocean. Their structures were determined by extensive interpretation of the spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic data, as well as by ECD calculations. Structurally, thiochaetoglobosins A-F () represent the first examples of chaetoglobosin derivatives containing a methylthioether group in the molecules, while 18-nor-prochaetoglobosin II () is the first 18-nor-chaetoglobosin derivative.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTheranostics
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
White matter has emerged as a key therapeutic target in ischemic stroke due to its role in sensorimotor and cognitive outcomes. Our recent findings have preliminarily revealed a potential link between microglial HDAC3 and white matter injury following stroke. However, the mechanisms by which microglial HDAC3 mediates these effects remain unclear.
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