We report an optical lattice clock with a total systematic uncertainty of 8.1×10^{-19} in fractional frequency units, representing the lowest uncertainty of any clock to date. The clock relies on interrogating the ultranarrow ^{1}S_{0}→^{3}P_{0} transition in a dilute ensemble of fermionic strontium atoms trapped in a vertically-oriented, shallow, one-dimensional optical lattice. Using imaging spectroscopy, we previously demonstrated record high atomic coherence time and measurement precision enabled by precise control of collisional shifts and the lattice light shift. In this work, we revise the black body radiation shift correction by evaluating the 5s4d ^{3}D_{1} lifetime, necessitating precise characterization and control of many body effects in the 5s4d ^{3}D_{1} decay. Last, we measure the second order Zeeman coefficient on the least magnetically sensitive clock transition. All other systematic effects have uncertainties below 1×10^{-19}.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.023401 | DOI Listing |
Seizure
November 2024
Neuronostics, Bristol, United Kingdom; Centre for Systems Modelling and Quantitative Biomedicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom; Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom.
Background: Brain network analysis is an emerging field of research that could lead to the development, testing and validation of novel biomarkers for epilepsy. This could shorten the diagnostic uncertainty period, improve treatment, decrease seizure risk and lead to better management. This scoping review summarises the current state of electroencephalogram (EEG)-based network abnormalities for childhood epilepsies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Otorhinolaryngol Ital
December 2024
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Academic Hospital "Santa Maria della Misericordia", Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, Udine, Italy.
Objectives: Endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (endo-DCR) is becoming a workhorse in the management of distal lacrimal duct obstruction. It yields success rates comparable to external DCR, with the advantage of no external scars. However, it requires multidisciplinary expertise and many uncertainties in terms of proper indications, technique, and perioperative management still exist.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomark Res
January 2025
Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Background And Objective: Esophageal cancer (EC) is the seventh most prevalent cancer globally and the sixth leading cause of cancer-related mortality. This study aimed to provide an updated stratified assessment of rates in EC incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) from 1990 to 2021 by sex, age, and Socio-demographic Index (SDI) at global, regional, and national levels, as well as to project the future trends of EC both globally and regionally.
Methods: Data about age-standardized rates (ASRs) of incidence (ASIR), mortality (ASDR), probability of death (ASPoD) and DALYs (ASDALYRs) of EC were obtained from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study.
Brain Topogr
January 2025
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
By gaining insights into how brain activity is encoded and decoded, we enhance our understanding of brain function. This study introduces a method for classifying EEG signals related to visual objects, employing a combination of an LSTM network and nonlinear interval type-2 fuzzy regression (NIT2FR). Here, ResNet is utilized for feature extraction from images, the LSTM network for feature extraction from EEG signals, and NIT2FR for mapping image features to EEG signal features.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMA Pediatr
January 2025
Division of Translational Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
Importance: Previous meta-analyses suggest that fluoride exposure is adversely associated with children's IQ scores. An individual's total fluoride exposure comes primarily from fluoride in drinking water, food, and beverages.
Objective: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies investigating children's IQ scores and prenatal or postnatal fluoride exposure.
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