AI Article Synopsis

  • Appendage shape, including the caudal fin of zebrafish, is formed during development and can change during regeneration based on specific cellular cues.
  • The study reveals that premature overexpression of certain factors in embryos leads to changes in the central rays, resulting in a triangular fin shape instead of the normal forked shape.
  • These findings suggest that fin shape can be permanently altered by early developmental treatments, shedding light on the molecular mechanisms behind the diversity of fin morphologies in fish.

Article Abstract

Appendage shape is formed during development (and re-formed during regeneration) according to spatial and temporal cues that orchestrate local cellular morphogenesis. The caudal fin is the primary appendage used for propulsion in most fish species, and exhibits a range of distinct morphologies adapted for different swimming strategies, however the molecular mechanisms responsible for generating these diverse shapes remain mostly unknown. In zebrafish, caudal fins display a forked shape, with longer supportive bony rays at the periphery and shortest rays at the center. Here, we show that a premature, transient pulse of overexpression during late embryonic development results in excess proliferation and growth of the central rays, causing the adult caudal fin to grow into a triangular, truncate shape. Both global and regional ectopic overexpression are sufficient to alter fin shape, and forked shape may be rescued by subsequent treatment with an antagonist of the canonical Shh pathway. The induced truncate fins show a decreased fin ray number and fail to form the hypural diastema that normally separates the dorsal and ventral fin lobes. While forked fins regenerate their original forked morphology, truncate fins regenerate truncate, suggesting that positional memory of the fin rays can be permanently altered by a transient treatment during embryogenesis. Ray finned fish have evolved a wide spectrum of caudal fin morphologies, ranging from truncate to forked, and the current work offers insights into the developmental mechanisms that may underlie this shape diversity.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11275767PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2024.07.16.603744DOI Listing

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