Facial Gender-Affirming Surgery (FGAS) has emerged as a transformative option for individuals who wish to align their external appearance with their asserted gender identity. This article delves into the surgical techniques employed in forehead feminization and hairline redefinition, highlighting the nuanced approaches used to modify specific facial characteristics to achieve the desired feminizing outcomes. Our extensive experience, encompassing over 2300 forehead feminization surgeries conducted over the past 16 years, provides a robust foundation for understanding the complexities and intricacies of these procedures. This knowledge is crucial for maxillofacial and plastic surgeons, as well as other healthcare professionals involved in comprehensive gender-affirming care, ensuring they are well-equipped to deliver optimal results for their patients.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anplas.2024.06.014 | DOI Listing |
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FACE-Q Satisfaction Ratings Are Higher After Facial Feminization Surgery Than Hormone Replacement Therapy Alone.
Transgend Health
October 2024
Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Purpose: Facial feminization surgery (FFS) is associated with improved psychological outcomes in transgender patients. We aimed to evaluate the impact of FFS on patient satisfaction with facial appearance using validated, patient-reported outcome tools.
Methods: Patients were recruited to complete a FACE-Q survey at least 6 months after their FFS.
The Type I+ Forehead in Facial Feminization Surgery.
Aesthetic Plast Surg
December 2024
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 200 Medical Plaza Suite 460, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-6960, USA.
Background: Feminizing fronto-orbital reconstruction involves one of four possibilities with the Ousterhout Type III anterior table frontal sinus osteotomy and setback performed in most patients while the Type I reduction recontouring is reserved for patients without frontal sinuses or thick anterior tables. However, patients with frontal sinuses and either a moderately thick anterior table or a shallow frontal sinus in the sagittal plane represent an intermediate morphology. For such morphologies, we introduce the novel Type I+ fronto-orbital reconstruction technique, consisting of frontal bone recontouring supplemented with anterior table reconstruction and split cranial bone graft.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSoft-tissue complications after facial feminization bone surgery.
J Craniomaxillofac Surg
November 2024
The Facialteam Group, HC Marbella International Hospital, Marbella, Málaga, Spain.
The soft tissues have a considerable impact on whether the results of facial feminization surgery are favorable. Complications or suboptimal results related to the soft tissue may be due to poor choice of surgical approach, improper execution of the surgical technique, a lack of assistance when resuspending the soft tissues during closure, or deficient readaptation of the overlying soft tissue to the new bone contour. This article identifies the possible poor soft-tissue outcomes that may occur after facial feminization bone surgery, describing strategies to prevent them and treatment alternatives.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFat Grafting for Forehead Contouring in Facial Feminization.
Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open
August 2024
From the Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich.
For gender-diverse individuals assigned male at birth, postpubertal estrogen and testosterone-lowering therapies alone are often inadequate to reverse the testosterone-related facial characteristics projecting a male sex identity. Facial feminization surgery significantly improves quality-of-life outcomes for gender-diverse patients by relieving this gender incongruence of the face. Because the shape of the forehead is so radically different between men and women, feminization of this area is critical for many individuals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEstrogen hormone therapy stabilizes lateral hairline in transfeminine patients: Implications for facial feminization surgery.
J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg
July 2024
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. Electronic address:
Background: Although several studies report on the suppressing effects of estrogen therapy on facial and body hair in transgender and nonbinary (TGNB) individuals, few studies have elucidated its effects on hairline stability on the scalp. In this study, we assessed the influence of estrogen therapy on forehead length.
Methods: All TGNB patients, aged 30 years or older, assigned male at birth (AMAB) seeking facial feminization surgery were included in the study.
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