Vaccines and host genetic factors can influence the SARS-CoV-2 evolution and emergence of new variants. Even vaccinated cases get affected as virus continues to evolve, raising concerns about vaccine efficacy and the emergence of immune escape variants. Here, we have analyzed 2295 whole-genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 collected from vaccinated and unvaccinated cases to evaluate the impact of vaccines on virus diversity within hosts. Our comparative analysis revealed a significant higher incidence of intra-host single nucleotides variants (iSNVs) in vaccinated cases compared to unvaccinated ones (p value<0.0001). Furthermore, we have found that specific mutational processes, including APOBEC (C > T) mediated and ADAR1 (A > G) mediated mutations, were found more prevalent in vaccinated cases. Vaccinated cases exhibited higher accumulation of nonsynonymous mutation than unvaccinated cases. Fixed iSNVs were predominantly located in the ORF1ab and spike genes, several key omicron defining immune escape variants S477N, Q493R, Q498R, Y505H, L452R, and N501Y were identified in the RBD domain of spike gene in vaccinated cases. Our findings suggest that vaccine plays an important role in the evolution of the virus genome. The virus genome acquires random mutations due to error-prone replication of the virus, host modification through APOBEC and ADAR1 mediated editing mechanism, and oxidative stress. These mutations become fixed in the viral population due to the selective pressure imposed by vaccination.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.07.054 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Major change in swine influenza virus diversity in France owing to emergence and widespread dissemination of a newly introduced H1N2 1C genotype in 2020.
Virus Evol
December 2024
ANSES, Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort Laboratory, Swine Virology Immunology Unit, National Reference Laboratory for Swine Influenza, BP53, Ploufragan 22440, France.
Swine influenza A viruses (swIAVs) are a major cause of respiratory disease in pigs worldwide, presenting significant economic and health risks. These viruses can reassort, creating new strains with varying pathogenicity and cross-species transmissibility. This study aimed to monitor the genetic and antigenic evolution of swIAV in France from 2019 to 2022.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpidemiological Features, Clinical Symptoms, and Environmental Risk Factors for Notifiable Japanese Encephalitis in Taiwan From 2008 to 2020: Retrospective Study.
JMIR Public Health Surveill
January 2025
School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan.
Background: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), and may cause fever, nausea, headache, or meningitis. It is currently unclear whether the epidemiological characteristics of the JEV have been affected by the extreme climatic conditions that have been observed in recent years.
Objective: This study aimed to examine the epidemiological characteristics, trends, and potential risk factors of JE in Taiwan from 2008 to 2020.
Comparison of clinical and virological features in pediatric and adult dengue cases at Insein General Hospital during Myanmar's 2022 dengue season.
Trop Med Health
January 2025
Department of Medical Research, Ministry of Health, No.5, Ziwaka Road, Dagon Township, Yangon, 11191, Myanmar.
Background: Myanmar is one of the countries in Southeast Asia where serious dengue outbreaks occur and Yangon is among the regions with the highest number of cases in the country. Many infections including dengue are common in Yangon during the rainy season, and co-infections may also occur. Adults are more likely than children to experience co-infections of dengue and other diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnderstanding the local-level variations in seasonality of human respiratory syncytial virus infection: a systematic analysis.
BMC Med
January 2025
Department of Epidemiology, National Vaccine Innovation Platform, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Background: While previous reports characterised global and regional variations in RSV seasonality, less is known about local variations in RSV seasonal characteristics. This study aimed to understand the local-level variations in RSV seasonality and to explore the role of geographical, meteorological, and socio-demographic factors in explaining these variations.
Methods: We conducted a systematic literature review to identify published studies reporting data on local-level RSV season onset, offset, or duration for at least two local sites.
Effectiveness of rotavirus vaccine following introduction in the childhood immunization program in Northeast India.
Indian J Med Microbiol
January 2025
Department of Microbiology, RIMS, Lamphelpat, Imphal - 795004, Manipur, India. Electronic address:
Background: Rotavirus diarrhoea is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in children under five years of age. The WHO has recommended vaccination against this agent especially in countries with high mortality rates. As India accounts for almost a quarter of worldwide rotaviral diarrhoea cases, the government has introduced indigenously manufactured vaccines in the national immunization schedule which has been implemented in four phases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!