Prescriptions of respiratory medications in children aged 0-10 years: A longitudinal drug utilization study in the POMME database.

Introduction: Respiratory tract disorders are common in children. However, there is no available data on the prescription of respiratory medications for children in France. This study aimed to provide an overview of medications for obstructive airway diseases prescriptions for children during the initial ten years of their lives within POMME, a French population-based cohort of children.

Material And Methods: This longitudinal, population-based study used data from the French POMME birth cohort, comprising children born in Haute Garonne between July 2010 and June 2011. Anonymous medical information, including medication reimbursement data, was collected between ages 0 and 10 years. Exposure was defined as at least one prescription for respiratory medications (ATC code R03*), focusing on specific subclasses. Data were analyzed by age, season, and prescribing physicians' specialties.

Results: Out of 5956 children, 4951 (83.1 %) received respiratory medication prescriptions. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) were the most prescribed (95.3 %), followed by short-acting β2-agonists (68.8 %). The number of prescriptions increased with age, except for ICSs alone, which peaked between 6 months and 2 years. The average number of prescriptions per child was relatively low.

Discussion: This study highlighted high prescription rates of respiratory medications in children under 10 years, with ICSs being the most prevalent. While these medications are primarily intended for asthma management, the findings suggested a significant proportion of off-label prescriptions, especially in young children. Further research and clinical guidance are warranted to ensure appropriate medication use in the pediatric population.