New medical staff in the post-COVID-19 period entailed altered quality of antibiotic therapy.

Objective: Our aim was to audit antibiotic prescriptions from renewed medical staff.

Methods: A retrospective multicenter audit of antibiotic therapies was performed in four institutions with similar antimicrobial stewardship programs. We compared antibiotic prescriptions from physicians practicing before and after the pandemic. Antibiotic prescriptions were classified as optimal (OAT), suboptimal (SAT) or unnecessary antibiotic therapy (UAT).

Results: All in all, 165 antibiotic courses was audited in 2023: OAT, SAT and UAT rates were 21, 42 and 38% respectively. Sixty-seven out of 165 (41%) prescriptions were given by new physicians. In multivariate analysis, antibiotic prescriptions from the latter compared to former were associated with less diagnosis of infection written in patient charts: AOR [CI 95%] 3.68 [1.53-8.83], and with UAT: 2.76 [1.34-5.68].

Conclusions: Ensuring adequate antibiotic prescriptions with renewed medical staff requires a high level of education and training.