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Perspectives on Mars Sample Return: A critical resource for planetary science and exploration.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Division of Earth and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125.
Mars Sample Return (MSR) has been the highest flagship mission priority in the last two Planetary Decadal Surveys of the National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine (hereafter, "the National Academies") and was the highest priority flagship for Mars in the Decadal Survey that preceded them. This inspirational and challenging campaign, like the Apollo program's returned lunar samples, will potentially revolutionize our understanding of Mars and help inform how other planets are explored. MSR's technological advances will keep the NASA and European Space Agency at the forefront of planetary exploration, and data on returned samples will fill knowledge gaps for future human exploration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAerosol light absorption alleviates particulate pollution during wintertime haze events.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Department of Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91106.
Aerosol light absorption has been widely considered as a contributing factor to the worsening of particulate pollution in large urban areas, primarily through its role in stabilizing the planetary boundary layer (PBL). Here, we report that absorption-dominated aerosol-radiation interaction can decrease near-surface fine particulate matter concentrations ([PM]) at a large-scale during wintertime haze events. A "warm bubble" effect by the significant heating rate of absorbing aerosols above the PBL top generates a secondary circulation, enhancing the upward motion (downward motion) and the convergence (divergence) in polluted (relatively clean) areas, with a net effect of lowering near-surface [PM].
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Europa Imaging System (EIS) Investigation.
Space Sci Rev
December 2024
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD USA.
The Europa Imaging System (EIS) consists of a Narrow-Angle Camera (NAC) and a Wide-Angle Camera (WAC) that are designed to work together to address high-priority science objectives regarding Europa's geology, composition, and the nature of its ice shell. EIS accommodates variable geometry and illumination during rapid, low-altitude flybys with both framing and pushbroom imaging capability using rapid-readout, 8-megapixel (4k × 2k) detectors. Color observations are acquired using pushbroom imaging with up to six broadband filters.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMetastable Dihydrate of Sodium Chloride at Ambient Pressure.
J Phys Chem Lett
December 2024
AstrobiologyOU, School of Environment, Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, United Kingdom.
Article Synopsis
- Sodium chloride (NaCl) is significant across various fields, including geochemistry and food production, and is one of the most prevalent salts in the cosmos.
- Researchers discovered a new form of NaCl, a metastable dihydrate, created by rapidly freezing a NaCl solution, which transforms into hydrohalite and ice Ih when heated above 190 K.
- This finding suggests that the presence of this new hydrate on icy celestial bodies, like Jupiter and Saturn's moons, could indicate areas where subsurface brines have recently frozen, highlighting potential targets for future space missions.
Sufficiency health-wise: sustainable paths towards planetary and public health.
Front Public Health
December 2024
Global Health Hub Germany, Planetary Health Working Group, Berlin, Germany.
Planet Earth is threatened by the human population. Energy and resource use are far beyond the planet's carrying capacity. Planetary Health suggests an alternative idea of prosperity as the best possible human health for all within planetary boundaries.
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