AI Article Synopsis
- This study explores how sexual size differences in mammals relate to gene family evolution, particularly focusing on brain development genes across 124 species.
- Significant findings indicate that species with pronounced sexual size dimorphism tend to have expanded gene families linked to smell and reduced gene families involved in brain development.
- The results suggest that intense sexual selection may influence gene family changes, contributing to our understanding of mammalian genome evolution and brain function.
Article Abstract
In mammals, sexual size dimorphism often reflects the intensity of sexual selection, yet its connection to genomic evolution remains unexplored. Gene family size evolution can reflect shifts in the relative importance of different molecular functions. Here, we investigate the associate between brain development gene repertoire to sexual size dimorphism using 124 mammalian species. We reveal significant changes in gene family size associations with sexual size dimorphism. High levels of dimorphism correlate with an expansion of gene families enriched in olfactory sensory perception and a contraction of gene families associated with brain development functions, many of which exhibited particularly high expression in the human adult brain. These findings suggest a relationship between intense sexual selection and alterations in gene family size. These insights illustrate the complex interplay between sexual dimorphism, gene family size evolution, and their roles in mammalian brain development and function, offering a valuable understanding of mammalian genome evolution.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11269740 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-50386-x | DOI Listing |
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